Abstract
The article concerns the reaction of liverworts to the origin of new synanthropic habitats in the Tatra Mountains (Western Carpathians). Tourist trails, their shoulders and scarps were investigated. Thirty-one liverwort species were recorded in the investigated synanthropic habitats, which make up ca 15% of the hepaticoflora of the Tatra Mts. Cephalozia bicuspidata, Nardia scalaris, Solenostoma gracillimum, Scapania curta, S. umbrosa and Lophozia sudetica display distinct hemerophilous features. Leading plant species are Cephalozia bicuspidata in typical synanthropic habitats (on tourist trails) and Nardia scalaris in semi-natural habitats (on trail scarps). Apophytes in the Tatra Mts. are mostly lowland-mountain species and they are widespread in the entire massif. Apophytization of liverworts in some aspects is similar to the phenomena described in the case of vascular plants. It concerns walking down of high mountains species to lower sites (Marsupella brevissima, Lophozia sudetica), passing of alpine scree-bed species to synanthropic habitats (Anthelia juratzkana, Marsupella brevissima, Pleurocladula albescens), and formation of plant communities with new floristic combinations (community with Cephalozia bicuspidata) or expansion of secondary forms of autogenic communities (e.g. Calypogeietum trichomanis, Nardietum scalaris). Some of them play an important role in stabilization of trail scarps, especially in the alpine belt (Nardietum scalaris kiaerietosum starkei subass. nova).
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty-one liverwort species, about 15% of the Tatra flora, were recorded in the surveyed habitats.
Verbatim
e0“Thirty-one liverwort species were recorded in the investigated synanthropic habitats, which make up ca 15% of the hepaticoflora of the Tatra Mts.”
Claim · model-written summary
Six named liverwort taxa show distinct affinity for human disturbed habitats.
- Taxon
- Cephalozia bicuspidata, Nardia scalaris, Solenostoma gracillimum, Scapania curta, S. umbrosa and Lophozia sudetica
_8292.JPG?width=60)
Cephalozia bicuspidata
Nardia scalaris_7160.JPG?width=60)
Solenostoma gracillimum_0319.JPG?width=60)
Scapania curta_8108.JPG?width=60)
Scapania umbrosa_0552.JPG?width=60)
Barbilophozia sudeticae0 - Outcome
- distinct hemerophilous featurese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_8292.JPG?width=500)
_7160.JPG?width=500)
_0319.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Cephalozia bicuspidata, Nardia scalaris, Solenostoma gracillimum, Scapania curta, S. umbrosa and Lophozia sudetica display distinct hemerophilous features”
Claim · model-written summary
Cephalozia bicuspidata leads on tourist trails.
- Taxon
- Cephalozia bicuspidataCephalozia bicuspidatae0
- Outcome
- Leading plant speciese0
- Setting
- on tourist trailse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leading plant species are Cephalozia bicuspidata in typical synanthropic habitats (on tourist trails)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nardia scalaris leads on trail scarps.
- Taxon
- Nardia scalarisNardia scalarise0
- Outcome
- semi-natural habitatse0
- Setting
- on trail scarpse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nardia scalaris in semi-natural habitats (on trail scarps)”
Claim · model-written summary
Apophytes are mostly lowland-mountain species widespread across the massif.
Verbatim
e0“Apophytes in the Tatra Mts. are mostly lowland-mountain species and they are widespread in the entire massif”
Claim · model-written summary
Some high mountain liverworts occur at lower sites.
- Taxon
- Marsupella brevissima, Lophozia sudeticaBarbilophozia sudetica
Gymnomitrion brevissimume0 - Outcome
- walking down of high mountains species to lower sitese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_0552.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“walking down of high mountains species to lower sites (Marsupella brevissima, Lophozia sudetica)”
Claim · model-written summary
Three alpine scree-bed liverworts occur in synanthropic habitats.
- Taxon
- Anthelia juratzkana, Marsupella brevissima, Pleurocladula albescens
_8473.JPG?width=60)
Fuscocephaloziopsis albescens_4542.JPG?width=60)
Anthelia juratzkanaGymnomitrion brevissimume0 - Outcome
- passing of alpine scree-bed species to synanthropic habitatse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_8473.JPG?width=500)
_4542.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“passing of alpine scree-bed species to synanthropic habitats (Anthelia juratzkana, Marsupella brevissima, Pleurocladula albescens)”
Claim · model-written summary
A community with Cephalozia bicuspidata has a new floristic combination.
- Taxon
- Cephalozia bicuspidataCephalozia bicuspidatae0
- Outcome
- new floristic combinationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“formation of plant communities with new floristic combinations (community with Cephalozia bicuspidata)”
Claim · model-written summary
Secondary forms of Calypogeietum trichomanis and Nardietum scalaris expanded.
Verbatim
e0“expansion of secondary forms of autogenic communities (e.g. Calypogeietum trichomanis, Nardietum scalaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
Some liverwort communities stabilize alpine trail scarps.
Verbatim
e0“Some of them play an important role in stabilization of trail scarps, especially in the alpine belt (Nardietum scalaris kiaerietosum starkei subass. nova)”