Abstract
Field experiments were conducted in Louisiana to evaluate the effectiveness of tillage, tillage plus herbicide, and herbicide-only fallow programs in controlling bermudagrass. Tillage of fallow fields three times at 3- to 4-wk intervals between row formation in late May and planting in late September or early October reduced bermudagrass infestations in the newly planted crop in December 44 to 51%. When the final tillage operation was replaced by glyphosate postemergence at either 2.24 or 3.36 kg ai/ha in late August, bermudagrass infestation level in December on the surface of the newly planted rows was reduced to below 20%. Two applications of glyphosate at 3.36 kg/ha were more effective than tillage only and as effective as tillage twice followed by glyphosate in reducing bermudagrass infestation levels in the newly planted crop. Application of atrazine at 3.36 kg ai/ha, imazapyr at 0.68 kg ai/ha, metribuzin at 1.68 kg ai/ha, or sulfometuron at 0.14 and 0.28 kg ai/ha to newly formed rows in late May of the fallow period did not reduce the need for tillage or an application of glyphosate during the fallow period to control bermudagrass, but imazapyr at 1.12 kg/ha did. Sugarcane shoot populations in December of the fallow year were similar for the treatment programs despite differences in bermudagrass infestation levels, which ranged from 11 to 94%. However, sugarcane stalk number and height and cane and sugar yield in the plant-cane crop the following year were highest when glyphosate was applied to bermudagrass as two applications either alone or following the application of atrazine or metribuzin, when tillage was followed with one application of glyphosate, and in 1 yr when imazapyr alone was applied to newly formed rows.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Three tillage operations reduced bermudagrass infestation 44 to 51%.
- Taxon
- Sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- Tillage of fallow fields three times at 3- to 4-wk intervalse0
- Interactor
- bermudagrass
Cynodon dactylont0weede0 - Outcome
- bermudagrass infestations in the newly planted crope0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 44 to 51%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tillage of fallow fields three times at 3- to 4-wk intervals between row formation in late May and planting in late September or early October reduced bermudagrass infestations in the newly planted crop in December 44 to 51%.”
t0“Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Control Programs on Newly Planted Sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
Replacing final tillage with glyphosate reduced infestation below 20%.
- Taxon
- Sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- glyphosate postemergence at either 2.24 or 3.36 kg ai/hae0
- Interactor
- bermudagrassCynodon dactylone0weed
- Outcome
- bermudagrass infestation levele0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- below 20%e0
- Comparator
- final tillage operatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the final tillage operation was replaced by glyphosate postemergence at either 2.24 or 3.36 kg ai/ha in late August, bermudagrass infestation level in December on the surface of the newly planted rows was reduced to below 20%.”
t0“Sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
Two glyphosate applications were more effective than tillage only for bermudagrass infestation.
- Taxon
- Sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- Two applications of glyphosate at 3.36 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- bermudagrassCynodon dactylone0weed
- Outcome
- bermudagrass infestation levelse0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- tillage onlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two applications of glyphosate at 3.36 kg/ha were more effective than tillage only and as effective as tillage twice followed by glyphosate in reducing bermudagrass infestation levels in the newly planted crop.”
t0“Sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
Two glyphosate applications were as effective as tillage twice followed by glyphosate.
- Taxon
- Sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- Two applications of glyphosate at 3.36 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- bermudagrassCynodon dactylone0weed
- Outcome
- bermudagrass infestation levelse0
- Direction
- as effectivee0
- Comparator
- tillage twice followed by glyphosatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two applications of glyphosate at 3.36 kg/ha were more effective than tillage only and as effective as tillage twice followed by glyphosate in reducing bermudagrass infestation levels in the newly planted crop.”
t0“Sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazapyr at 1.12 kg/ha removed the need for tillage or glyphosate.
- Taxon
- Sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- imazapyr at 1.12 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- bermudagrassCynodon dactylone0weed
- Outcome
- need for tillage or an application of glyphosatee0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“did not reduce the need for tillage or an application of glyphosate during the fallow period to control bermudagrass, but imazapyr at 1.12 kg/ha did.”
t0“Sugarcane”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugarcane shoot populations were similar across treatment programs despite 11 to 94% infestation.
- Taxon
- Sugarcanee0
- Interactor
- bermudagrassCynodon dactylone0weed
- Outcome
- shoot populationse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- 11 to 94%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugarcane shoot populations in December of the fallow year were similar for the treatment programs despite differences in bermudagrass infestation levels, which ranged from 11 to 94%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Stalk number, height, cane yield and sugar yield were highest with specified glyphosate and imazapyr programs.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Interactor
- bermudagrassCynodon dactylone0weed
- Outcome
- stalk number and height and cane and sugar yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sugarcane stalk number and height and cane and sugar yield in the plant-cane crop the following year were highest when glyphosate was applied to bermudagrass as two applications either alone or following the application of atrazine or metribuzin, when tillage was followed with one application of glyphosate, and in 1 yr when imazapyr alone was applied to newly formed rows.”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · Cynodon dactylon · Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
herbicide · Cynodon dactylon · Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
tillage · Cynodon dactylon · Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.