Abstract
AIMS: The fungus Meira geulakonigii has been shown to reduce populations of citrus rust mite (CRM; Phyllocoptruta oleivora) on citrus leaves and fruits, in both the field and laboratory. However, attempts to isolate the fungus from leaves and fruits have been unsuccessful. The aims of this study were therefore to determine whether M. geulakonigii is a citrus endophyte, and to assess possible mechanisms involved in its mite-antagonist activity. METHODS AND RESULTS: A quantitative real-time PCR and regular PCR approaches were developed to detect M. geulakonigii in both the field and laboratory. The fungus was detected throughout. Different methods revealed that M. geulakonigii is an endophyte, which colonizes both the peel of grapefruits. Applications of conidia protected the grapefruits against CRM, and fungal secretions extracted from growth media caused 100% CRM mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Meira geulakonigii is a beneficial endophyte of grapefruits that colonizes the fruit's peel, and protects it from CRM. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Findings from this study demonstrate the endophytic nature of M. geulakonigii in its interaction with grapefruits. In addition, a molecular approach was developed to specifically detect the fungus inside the grapefruit peel. This approach can be used to assess the natural occurrence of M. geulakonigii in grapefruit.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
PCR approaches detected M. geulakonigii in field and laboratory material.
- Interactor
- M. geulakonigiiMeira geulakonigaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- detect M. geulakonigiie0
CitrusNot reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A quantitative real-time PCR and regular PCR approaches were developed to detect M. geulakonigii in both the field and laboratory. The fungus was detected throughout.”
t0“citrus rust mite Phyllocoptruta oleivora”
Claim · model-written summary
M. geulakonigii colonized grapefruit peel as an endophyte.
- Taxon
- grapefruits
_Pompelino_Grapefruit_002.jpg?width=60)
Citrus ×paradisie0 - Interactor
- M. geulakonigiiMeira geulakonigaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- colonizes both the peel of grapefruitse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Pompelino_Grapefruit_002.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“M. geulakonigii is an endophyte, which colonizes both the peel of grapefruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Conidial application protected grapefruits against citrus rust mites.
- Taxon
- grapefruitsCitrus ×paradisie0
- Treatment
- Applications of conidiae0
- Interactor
- CRMe0pest
- Second interactor
- Phyllocoptruta oleivora
Phyllocoptruta oleivorae1pest - Outcome
- protected the grapefruits against CRMe0
- Direction
- protectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applications of conidia protected the grapefruits against CRM”
e1“citrus rust mite (CRM; Phyllocoptruta oleivora)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal secretions caused complete citrus rust mite mortality.
- Treatment
- fungal secretions extracted from growth mediae0
- Interactor
- CRMe0pest
- Outcome
- CRM mortalitye0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- 100%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungal secretions extracted from growth media caused 100% CRM mortality”
e1“citrus rust mite (CRM; Phyllocoptruta oleivora)”
t0“citrus rust mite Phyllocoptruta oleivora”
The same questions in other papers
in vitro · pest · CitrusResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.