Paper · 2013 · Agricultural and Food Science

Biochar application to temperate soils: effects on nutrient uptake and crop yield under field conditions

Jasmin Karer; Bernhard Wimmer; Franz Zehetner; et al.

5
claims
5
verbatim quotes
159
citations
2
research areas
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Open access · cc-by

Abstract

The benefits of biochar (BC) application to fertile, non-acidic soils in temperate climate regions might not always be as evident as for highly weathered tropical soils. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of BC on soil characteristics, nutrient uptake and crop yield in field experiments on two temperate soils (Cambisol and Chernozem) in Austria. Maize and wheat (Cambisol), and barley and sunflower (Chernozem) were grown in successive vegetation periods following different BC application rates (0, 24 and 72 t ha-1 at the start of the experiment), supplemented with identical mineral N supply in 33 m² plots. BC treatments showed varying impacts on nutrient uptake of the investigated crops. The first growing season in the Chernozem region was affected by a prolonged drought period, which resulted in positive effects of BC on soil water-holding capacity (WHC) and barley crop yield (+ 10%) for the 72 t ha-1 BC + N treatment compared to a control with identical nutrient supply but without BC. However, maize and wheat grain yield decreased by 46 and 70%, respectively, after the highest BC application rate (72 t ha-1) in an additional treatment without supplementary N-fertilisation. Still, even with high BC application rates we did not observe any adverse effects on crop yield and nutrient uptake, as long as the soil was supplied with sufficient N according to local agricultural practice.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Biochar treatments had varying effects on nutrient uptake across the crops.

Taxon
cropse0
Treatment
BC treatmentse0
Outcome
nutrient uptakee0
Direction
varying impactse0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“BC treatments showed varying impacts on nutrient uptake of the investigated crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 630–711 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Under drought, 72 t ha-1 biochar plus nitrogen increased barley yield by 10% versus equal nitrogen without biochar.

Treatment
72 t ha-1 BC + N treatmente0
Outcome
crop yielde0
Direction
positive effectse0
Value
10%e0
Comparator
control with identical nutrient supply but without BCe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“positive effects of BC on soil water-holding capacity (WHC) and barley crop yield (+ 10%) for the 72 t ha-1 BC + N treatment compared to a control with identical nutrient supply but without BC”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 824–1016 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Without supplementary nitrogen, 72 t ha-1 biochar decreased maize grain yield by 46%.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
highest BC application rate (72 t ha-1)e0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
46e0
Qualifier
without supplementary N-fertilisatione0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“maize and wheat grain yield decreased by 46 and 70%, respectively, after the highest BC application rate (72 t ha-1) in an additional treatment without supplementary N-fertilisation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1027–1208 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Without supplementary nitrogen, 72 t ha-1 biochar decreased wheat grain yield by 70%.

Treatment
highest BC application rate (72 t ha-1)e0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
70%e0
Qualifier
without supplementary N-fertilisatione0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“maize and wheat grain yield decreased by 46 and 70%, respectively, after the highest BC application rate (72 t ha-1) in an additional treatment without supplementary N-fertilisation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1027–1208 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

With sufficient nitrogen, high biochar rates had no adverse effect on crop yield or nutrient uptake.

Treatment
high BC application ratese0
Outcome
crop yield and nutrient uptakee0
Direction
did not observe any adverse effectse0
Qualifier
sufficient Ne0

Not reportedTaxonComparator

Verbatim

e0

“even with high BC application rates we did not observe any adverse effects on crop yield and nutrient uptake, as long as the soil was supplied with sufficient N”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1217–1377 · show in text ↑

biochar · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results

19 papers: 15 positive, 4 negative or no effect

14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

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biochar · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

121 papers: 111 positive, 10 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 111 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. no effect

117 papers more in this group

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biochar · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

193 papers: 175 positive, 18 negative or no effect

17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 175 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

189 papers more in this group

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nitrogen · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results

299 papers: 252 positive, 47 negative or no effect

251 papers in the same direction as this paper · 44 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

295 papers more in this group

See all 299 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.