Abstract
Efficacy and residual toxicity of seven plant product extracts in hexane, methanol and ethyl acetate were evaluated against cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii and whitefly, Bemisia tabaci on potato under controlled condition and efficacy of effective extracts were further evaluated under field condition at Central Potato Research Institute Campus, Modipuram during 2012-13 and 2013-14, respectively. The importance of aphids and whitefly is mainly due to their role in spread of viruses in potato crop. The highest mortality of whitefly (65.91%) was recorded in methanol bark extract of dalchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) followed by hexane bark extract of jatamansi (Nardostachus jatamansi) (64.3%) and methanol extract of coriander (Coriander sativus) (64.03%) after 72 hr of release as compared to control. In case of aphid, the highest mortality (44.06%) was recorded in ethyl acetate seed extract of malkangni (Celastrus paniculatus) followed by methanol extract of dalchini (40.81%) and methanol extract of jatamansi (40.72%) after 72 hr of release as compared to control. Periodic toxicity data revealed that all the tested extracts lost their toxicity within 3-4 days after spray. Hexane extract of jatamansi gave maximum PT values 53.81 and 70.3 against aphid and whitefly, respectively. Overall, hexane bark extract of jatamansi was even effective against whitefly and aphids under field condition and recorded 296.8 q tuber yield which is almost at par with methanol bark extract of dalchini (301.2 q). However, tuber yield data did not reveal significant differences among the plant product treatments with frequent spraying of plant product. This study suggested that plant product extract sprays may be included in IPM program to reduce the dependence on popular toxic chemicals to suppress aphid and whitefly population effectively on the potato crop.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
The methanol bark extract of dalchini gave the highest whitefly mortality (65.91%) after 72 hr, compared with control.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosumt0 - Treatment
- methanol bark extract of dalchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum)e1
- Interactor
- whiteflye1pest
- Outcome
- mortality of whiteflye1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 65.91%e1
- Qualifier
- after 72 hr of releasee3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy and residual toxicity of plant product extracts against Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci on potato (Solanum tuberosum)”
e1“The highest mortality of whitefly (65.91%) was recorded in methanol bark extract of dalchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum)”
e3“methanol extract of coriander (Coriander sativus) (64.03%) after 72 hr of release as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
The hexane bark extract of jatamansi gave 64.3% whitefly mortality, followed by the dalchini extract, compared with control.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- hexane bark extract of jatamansi (Nardostachus jatamansi)e2
- Interactor
- whiteflye1pest
- Outcome
- mortality of whiteflye1
- Direction
- followed bye2
- Value
- 64.3%e2
- Qualifier
- after 72 hr of releasee3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy and residual toxicity of plant product extracts against Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci on potato (Solanum tuberosum)”
e1“The highest mortality of whitefly (65.91%) was recorded in methanol bark extract of dalchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum)”
e2“followed by hexane bark extract of jatamansi (Nardostachus jatamansi) (64.3%)”
e3“methanol extract of coriander (Coriander sativus) (64.03%) after 72 hr of release as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
The methanol extract of coriander gave 64.03% whitefly mortality after 72 hr, compared with control.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- methanol extract of coriander (Coriander sativus)e3
- Interactor
- whiteflye1pest
- Outcome
- mortality of whiteflye1
- Direction
- followed bye2
- Value
- 64.03%e3
- Qualifier
- after 72 hr of releasee3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy and residual toxicity of plant product extracts against Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci on potato (Solanum tuberosum)”
e1“The highest mortality of whitefly (65.91%) was recorded in methanol bark extract of dalchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum)”
e2“followed by hexane bark extract of jatamansi (Nardostachus jatamansi) (64.3%)”
e3“methanol extract of coriander (Coriander sativus) (64.03%) after 72 hr of release as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
The ethyl acetate seed extract of malkangni gave the highest aphid mortality (44.06%) after 72 hr, compared with control.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- ethyl acetate seed extract of malkangni (Celastrus paniculatus)e4
- Interactor
- aphide4pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 44.06%e4
- Qualifier
- after 72 hr of releasee5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy and residual toxicity of plant product extracts against Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci on potato (Solanum tuberosum)”
e4“In case of aphid, the highest mortality (44.06%) was recorded in ethyl acetate seed extract of malkangni (Celastrus paniculatus)”
e5“followed by methanol extract of dalchini (40.81%) and methanol extract of jatamansi (40.72%) after 72 hr of release as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
The methanol extract of dalchini gave 40.81% aphid mortality after 72 hr, compared with control.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- methanol extract of dalchinie5
- Interactor
- aphide4pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye4
- Direction
- followed bye5
- Value
- 40.81%e5
- Qualifier
- after 72 hr of releasee5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy and residual toxicity of plant product extracts against Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci on potato (Solanum tuberosum)”
e4“In case of aphid, the highest mortality (44.06%) was recorded in ethyl acetate seed extract of malkangni (Celastrus paniculatus)”
e5“followed by methanol extract of dalchini (40.81%) and methanol extract of jatamansi (40.72%) after 72 hr of release as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
The methanol extract of jatamansi gave 40.72% aphid mortality after 72 hr, compared with control.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- methanol extract of jatamansie5
- Interactor
- aphide4pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye4
- Direction
- followed bye5
- Value
- 40.72%e5
- Qualifier
- after 72 hr of releasee5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy and residual toxicity of plant product extracts against Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci on potato (Solanum tuberosum)”
e4“In case of aphid, the highest mortality (44.06%) was recorded in ethyl acetate seed extract of malkangni (Celastrus paniculatus)”
e5“followed by methanol extract of dalchini (40.81%) and methanol extract of jatamansi (40.72%) after 72 hr of release as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
All tested plant product extracts lost their toxicity within 3-4 days after spray.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- all the tested extractse6
- Outcome
- toxicitye6
- Qualifier
- within 3-4 days after spraye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy and residual toxicity of plant product extracts against Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci on potato (Solanum tuberosum)”
e6“Periodic toxicity data revealed that all the tested extracts lost their toxicity within 3-4 days after spray”
Claim · model-written summary
Hexane extract of jatamansi gave the maximum PT value of 53.81 against aphid.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- Hexane extract of jatamansie7
- Interactor
- aphide7pest
- Outcome
- PT valuese7
- Value
- 53.81e7
- Qualifier
- maximume7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy and residual toxicity of plant product extracts against Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci on potato (Solanum tuberosum)”
e7“Hexane extract of jatamansi gave maximum PT values 53.81 and 70.3 against aphid and whitefly, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Hexane extract of jatamansi gave the maximum PT value of 70.3 against whitefly.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- Hexane extract of jatamansie7
- Interactor
- whiteflye7pest
- Outcome
- PT valuese7
- Value
- 70.3e7
- Qualifier
- maximume7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy and residual toxicity of plant product extracts against Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci on potato (Solanum tuberosum)”
e7“Hexane extract of jatamansi gave maximum PT values 53.81 and 70.3 against aphid and whitefly, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under field conditions the hexane bark extract of jatamansi gave 296.8 q tuber yield, almost at par with the dalchini extract.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- hexane bark extract of jatamansie2
- Outcome
- tuber yielde2
- Direction
- almost at par withe2
- Value
- 296.8 qe2
- Qualifier
- 301.2 qe2
- Comparator
- methanol bark extract of dalchinie2
- Setting
- field conditione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy and residual toxicity of plant product extracts against Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci on potato (Solanum tuberosum)”
e2“hexane bark extract of jatamansi was even effective against whitefly and aphids under field condition and recorded 296.8 q tuber yield which is almost at par with methanol bark extract of dalchini (301.2 q)”
Claim · model-written summary
The hexane bark extract of jatamansi was effective against whitefly and aphids under field conditions.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- hexane bark extract of jatamansie2
- Interactor
- whiteflye2pest
- Second interactor
- aphidsAphidomorphae2pest
- Outcome
- effective against whitefly and aphidse2
- Setting
- under field conditione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy and residual toxicity of plant product extracts against Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci on potato (Solanum tuberosum)”
e2“hexane bark extract of jatamansi was even effective against whitefly and aphids under field condition and recorded 296.8 q tuber yield which is almost at par with methanol bark extract of dalchini (301.2 q)”
Claim · model-written summary
Frequent spraying of plant product extracts did not significantly change tuber yield among treatments.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- frequent spraying of plant producte2
- Outcome
- tuber yielde2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy and residual toxicity of plant product extracts against Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci on potato (Solanum tuberosum)”
e2“However, tuber yield data did not reveal significant differences among the plant product treatments with frequent spraying of plant product”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant product extract sprays may be included in IPM programmes to suppress aphid and whitefly populations on potato.
- Taxon
- potato cropSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- plant product extract sprayse0
- Outcome
- suppress aphid and whitefly populatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study suggested that plant product extract sprays may be included in IPM program to reduce the dependence on popular toxic chemicals to suppress aphid and whitefly population effectively on the potato crop”
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