Abstract
Abstract In plants with infrequent pollinator services, the benefits of reproductive assurance could be eroded by severe ovule discounting and inbreeding depression (ID). However, it remains unclear how selfing evolves under complete pollinator failure and strong ID. We examined the mating system and ID under netting and robbing conditions in Comastoma pulmonarium (Turcz.) Toyok. (Gentianaceae), an alpine annual experiencing a high ratio of nectar robbery on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Comastoma pulmonarium produced seeds via selfing at the study site. No pollinator was observed and thus the nectar was consumed exclusively by robbers. Inbreeding depression occurred in the life stages of seed mass and germination, and the cumulative ID was much higher than 0.5 under netting and robbing conditions. Overall, in comparison with netting, the magnitude of ID under robbing conditions tended to decrease. Our results suggested that selfing could assure reproduction for plants under complete pollinator failure and strong ID, supporting the “better than nothing” role of selfing and providing one of the few cases of the evolution of selfing under strong ID.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Comastoma pulmonarium produced seeds via selfing at the study site.
- Taxon
- Comastoma pulmonarium
Comastoma pulmonariume0 - Outcome
- produced seeds via selfinge0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Comastoma pulmonarium produced seeds via selfing at the study site”
Claim · model-written summary
No pollinator was observed at the study site.
- Taxon
- Comastoma pulmonariumComastoma pulmonariume0
- Outcome
- No pollinator was observede1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Comastoma pulmonarium produced seeds via selfing at the study site”
e1“No pollinator was observed and thus the nectar was consumed exclusively by robbers”
Claim · model-written summary
The nectar was consumed exclusively by nectar robbers.
- Taxon
- Comastoma pulmonariumComastoma pulmonariume0
- Outcome
- the nectar was consumed exclusively by robberse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Comastoma pulmonarium produced seeds via selfing at the study site”
e1“No pollinator was observed and thus the nectar was consumed exclusively by robbers”
Claim · model-written summary
Inbreeding depression occurred in seed mass and germination.
- Taxon
- Comastoma pulmonariumComastoma pulmonariume0
- Organ / stage
- seed mass and germinatione1
- Outcome
- Inbreeding depressione1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Comastoma pulmonarium produced seeds via selfing at the study site”
e1“Inbreeding depression occurred in the life stages of seed mass and germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Cumulative inbreeding depression was much higher than 0.5 under both netting and robbing conditions.
- Taxon
- Comastoma pulmonariumComastoma pulmonariume0
- Treatment
- netting and robbing conditionse1
- Outcome
- the cumulative IDe1
- Direction
- much higher than 0.5e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Comastoma pulmonarium produced seeds via selfing at the study site”
e1“the cumulative ID was much higher than 0.5 under netting and robbing conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Inbreeding depression tended to be smaller under robbing than under netting.
- Taxon
- Comastoma pulmonariumComastoma pulmonariume0
- Treatment
- robbing conditionse1
- Outcome
- the magnitude of IDe1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Comparator
- nettinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Comastoma pulmonarium produced seeds via selfing at the study site”
e1“in comparison with netting, the magnitude of ID under robbing conditions tended to decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Selfing could assure reproduction under complete pollinator failure and strong inbreeding depression.
- Taxon
- Comastoma pulmonariumComastoma pulmonariume0
- Outcome
- selfing could assure reproductione1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Comastoma pulmonarium produced seeds via selfing at the study site”
e1“Our results suggested that selfing could assure reproduction for plants under complete pollinator failure and strong ID”