Abstract
The blue mold of "Rocha" pear caused by Penicillium expansum is an important postharvest disease which is adequately controlled by application of synthetic fungicides. In recent years, strategies like biological control have been considered a desirable alternative to chemicals. Several studies have demonstrated the potential of the yeast-like fungus Aureobasidium pullulans for control of postharvest decay of pear. A Portuguese isolate of Aureobasidium pullulans was characterized and evaluated for its activity in reducing postharvest blue mold decay of "Rocha" pear caused by Penicillium expansum. Study of optimal conditions for antagonist growth was carried out in six different culture media. The effect of four maturity stages of fruits in the development of A. pullulans was also studied. Biocontrol studies were performed with two concentrations of the antagonist (3 x 10(8) and 4 x 10(9) CFU/ml). A. pullulans growth was significantly different (P < or = 0.001) according to the various media and time of incubation. Best results were obtained in Corn Meal Agar (CMA) and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media which contains the higher concentration of glucose (20 mg/l). Medium resulted from fruits of the first harvest date presented lower colony diameter. Inoculation of A. pullulans at 3 x 10(8) and 4 x 10(9) CFU/ml reduced the incidence of the disease by 23 and 63%, and reduced the lesion diameter by 36 and 46%, respectively.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of A. pullulans at 3 x 10(8) CFU/ml reduced blue mold incidence on Rocha pear by 23%.
- Taxon
- "Rocha" peare2
- Treatment
- Inoculation of A. pullulans at 3 x 10(8)e1
- Interactor
- Penicillium expansum
Penicillium expansume2pathogen - Second interactor
- A. pullulans
Aureobasidium pullulanse1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- incidence of the diseasee1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 23e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Inoculation of A. pullulans at 3 x 10(8) and 4 x 10(9) CFU/ml reduced the incidence of the disease by 23 and 63%, and reduced the lesion diameter by 36 and 46%, respectively”
e2“reducing postharvest blue mold decay of "Rocha" pear caused by Penicillium expansum”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of A. pullulans at 4 x 10(9) CFU/ml reduced blue mold incidence on Rocha pear by 63%.
- Taxon
- "Rocha" peare2
- Treatment
- 4 x 10(9) CFU/mle1
- Interactor
- Penicillium expansumPenicillium expansume2pathogen
- Second interactor
- A. pullulansAureobasidium pullulanse1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- incidence of the diseasee1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 63%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Inoculation of A. pullulans at 3 x 10(8) and 4 x 10(9) CFU/ml reduced the incidence of the disease by 23 and 63%, and reduced the lesion diameter by 36 and 46%, respectively”
e2“reducing postharvest blue mold decay of "Rocha" pear caused by Penicillium expansum”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of A. pullulans at 3 x 10(8) CFU/ml reduced the lesion diameter on Rocha pear by 36%.
- Taxon
- "Rocha" peare2
- Treatment
- Inoculation of A. pullulans at 3 x 10(8)e1
- Interactor
- Penicillium expansumPenicillium expansume2pathogen
- Second interactor
- A. pullulansAureobasidium pullulanse1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- lesion diametere1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 36e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Inoculation of A. pullulans at 3 x 10(8) and 4 x 10(9) CFU/ml reduced the incidence of the disease by 23 and 63%, and reduced the lesion diameter by 36 and 46%, respectively”
e2“reducing postharvest blue mold decay of "Rocha" pear caused by Penicillium expansum”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of A. pullulans at 4 x 10(9) CFU/ml reduced the lesion diameter on Rocha pear by 46%.
- Taxon
- "Rocha" peare2
- Treatment
- 4 x 10(9) CFU/mle1
- Interactor
- Penicillium expansumPenicillium expansume2pathogen
- Second interactor
- A. pullulansAureobasidium pullulanse1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- lesion diametere1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 46%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Inoculation of A. pullulans at 3 x 10(8) and 4 x 10(9) CFU/ml reduced the incidence of the disease by 23 and 63%, and reduced the lesion diameter by 36 and 46%, respectively”
e2“reducing postharvest blue mold decay of "Rocha" pear caused by Penicillium expansum”
Claim · model-written summary
Among the six culture media, Corn Meal Agar and Potato Dextrose Agar gave the best results for A. pullulans growth; these media contain more glucose.
- Taxon
- "Rocha" peare2
- Treatment
- six different culture mediae4
- Compound
- glucosee3
- Outcome
- Best resultse3
- Direction
- Best resultse3
- Qualifier
- Corn Meal Agar (CMA) and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) mediae3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“reducing postharvest blue mold decay of "Rocha" pear caused by Penicillium expansum”
e3“Best results were obtained in Corn Meal Agar (CMA) and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media which contains the higher concentration of glucose (20 mg/l)”
e4“Study of optimal conditions for antagonist growth was carried out in six different culture media”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth of A. pullulans differed significantly among culture media and incubation times.
- Taxon
- "Rocha" peare2
- Interactor
- A. pullulansAureobasidium pullulanse5biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- A. pullulans growthe5
- Qualifier
- according to the various media and time of incubatione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“reducing postharvest blue mold decay of "Rocha" pear caused by Penicillium expansum”
e5“A. pullulans growth was significantly different (P < or = 0.001) according to the various media and time of incubation”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium made from fruits of the first harvest date gave a lower colony diameter than the other harvest dates.
- Taxon
- "Rocha" peare2
- Organ / stage
- fruitse6
- Treatment
- first harvest datee6
- Outcome
- colony diametere6
- Direction
- lowere6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e2“reducing postharvest blue mold decay of "Rocha" pear caused by Penicillium expansum”
e6“Medium resulted from fruits of the first harvest date presented lower colony diameter”