Abstract
Understanding how pathogens emerge is essential to bring disease-causing agents under durable human control. Here, we used cross-pathogenicity tests to investigate the changes in life-history traits of the fungal pathogen Venturia inaequalis associated with host-tracking during the domestication of apple and subsequent host-range expansion on the wild European crabapple (Malus sylvestris). Pathogenicity of 40 isolates collected in wild and domesticated ecosystems was assessed on the domesticated apple, its Central Asian main progenitor (M. sieversii) and M. sylvestris. Isolates from wild habitats in the centre of origin of the crop were not pathogenic on the domesticated apple and less aggressive than other isolates on their host of origin. Isolates from the agro-ecosystem in Central Asia infected a higher proportion of plants with higher aggressiveness, on both the domesticated host and its progenitor. Isolates from the European crabapple were still able to cause disease on other species but were less aggressive and less frequently virulent on these hosts than their endemic populations. Our results suggest that the domestication of apple was associated with the acquisition of virulence in the pathogen following host-tracking. The spread of the disease in the agro-ecosystem would also have been accompanied by an increase in overall pathogenicity.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Wild-origin isolates were not pathogenic on domesticated apple.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Interactor
- Isolatese0pathogen
- Outcome
- not pathogenic on the domesticated applee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Isolates from wild habitats in the centre of origin of the crop were not pathogenic on the domesticated apple and less aggressive than other isolates on their host of origin.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild-origin isolates were less aggressive on their original host than other isolates.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Interactor
- Isolatese0pathogen
- Outcome
- less aggressive than other isolates on their host of origine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Isolates from wild habitats in the centre of origin of the crop were not pathogenic on the domesticated apple and less aggressive than other isolates on their host of origin.”
Claim · model-written summary
Central Asian agroecosystem isolates infected a higher proportion of domesticated apple plants.
Verbatim
e0“Isolates from the agro-ecosystem in Central Asia infected a higher proportion of plants with higher aggressiveness, on both the domesticated host and its progenitor.”
Claim · model-written summary
Central Asian agroecosystem isolates had higher aggressiveness on domesticated apple and its progenitor.
Verbatim
e0“Isolates from the agro-ecosystem in Central Asia infected a higher proportion of plants with higher aggressiveness, on both the domesticated host and its progenitor.”
Claim · model-written summary
European crabapple isolates could cause disease on other species but were less aggressive and less often virulent there than endemic populations.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- Isolatese0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease on other speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Isolates from the European crabapple were still able to cause disease on other species but were less aggressive and less frequently virulent on these hosts than their endemic populations.”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Apple domestication was associated with pathogen acquisition of virulence during host tracking.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- domestication of applee0
- Interactor
- pathogene0pathogen
- Outcome
- acquisition of virulence in the pathogene0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our results suggest that the domestication of apple was associated with the acquisition of virulence in the pathogen following host-tracking.”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease spread in agroecosystems may have accompanied an increase in overall pathogenicity.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- diseasee0pathogen
- Outcome
- overall pathogenicitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Setting
- agro-ecosysteme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The spread of the disease in the agro-ecosystem would also have been accompanied by an increase in overall pathogenicity.”
t0“apple”