Abstract
Sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. rugosa Bonaf.) seed carrying the mutant endosperm gene shrunken-2 (sh 2 ) are very susceptible to seed rot and pre- and post-emergence damping off. Experiments were conducted to determine if selected organic solvents were suitable carriers for fungicide infusion of sh 2 sweet corn seed for improved germination and stand establishment. Seed of `Florida Staysweet' and `Crisp-n-Sweet 710' were immersed in acetone, cyclohexane, decahydronaphthalene (Decalin), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), ethanol, or xylene for 5 seconds, 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0 hours, air-dried, and subjected to a cold-stress test. Total germination and percentage of normal seedlings in both cultivars were significantly decreased after 8 hours of immersion in acetone. Average seedling dry weight, however, did not decrease. DMSO was highly toxic to both cultivars. Ethanol increased seed mortality with increasing immersion times. Cyclohexane, Decalin, and xylene caused erratic responses in all measured variables as immersion time increased. In a second experiment, the effects of immersion time up to 4 hours in acetone on germination and vigor of 11 sh 2 cultivars were compared. There was no correlation between cultivar germination or vigor and immersion in acetone. Results indicate acetone could be used to infuse fungicides into the seed of some sh 2 cultivars without compromising seed germination or vigor. However, each sh 2 cultivar must be screened individually to determine if it is a suitable candidate for organic solvent infusion of fungicides.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Eight hours in acetone significantly decreased total germination in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- Sweet cornt0
- Treatment
- 8 hours of immersion in acetonee0
- Outcome
- Total germinatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Total germination and percentage of normal seedlings in both cultivars were significantly decreased after 8 hours of immersion in acetone.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Eight hours in acetone significantly decreased normal-seedling percentage.
- Taxon
- Sweet cornt0
- Treatment
- 8 hours of immersion in acetonee0
- Outcome
- percentage of normal seedlingse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Total germination and percentage of normal seedlings in both cultivars were significantly decreased after 8 hours of immersion in acetone.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Average seedling dry weight did not decrease after acetone immersion.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“8 hours of immersion in acetone. Average seedling dry weight, however, did not decrease.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
DMSO was highly toxic to both cultivars.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“DMSO was highly toxic to both cultivars.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanol increased seed mortality with longer immersion.
Verbatim
e0“Ethanol increased seed mortality with increasing immersion times.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyclohexane caused erratic responses as immersion time increased.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Cyclohexane, Decalin, and xylene caused erratic responses in all measured variables as immersion time increased.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Decalin caused erratic responses as immersion time increased.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Cyclohexane, Decalin, and xylene caused erratic responses in all measured variables as immersion time increased.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Xylene caused erratic responses as immersion time increased.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Cyclohexane, Decalin, and xylene caused erratic responses in all measured variables as immersion time increased.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar germination or vigor was uncorrelated with acetone immersion.
Verbatim
e0“There was no correlation between cultivar germination or vigor and immersion in acetone.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetone could carry fungicide into some cultivar seeds without harming germination or vigor.
Verbatim
e0“Results indicate acetone could be used to infuse fungicides into the seed of some sh 2 cultivars without compromising seed germination or vigor.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Each sh 2 cultivar should be screened before organic solvent fungicide infusion.
Verbatim
e0“each sh 2 cultivar must be screened individually to determine if it is a suitable candidate for organic solvent infusion of fungicides.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
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