Abstract
Abstract Growing legumes with cereals may increase both yield and protein of livestock‐feed crops as well as the quantity of N returned to soil. This study examined: (i) if barley‐field pea intercropping has advantage over sole barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) for grain and N yield and (ii) the interactions between fertilizer N and seeding densities of barley and field pea ( Pisum sativum L.). In 1986 and 1987, crop and N yields of barley and barley‐pea were compared on a Malmo silt loam (Typic Cryoboroll) and a Breton loam (Typic Cryoboralf). In 1987, fertilizer N (0 and 80 kg N ha −1 ) and seeding density (0, 86,172, 258 seeds m −2 of barley; and 0, 25, 50, 75 seeds m −2 of field pea) effects on intercrop yield were determined on the Malmo soil. In 1986, intercropped‐barley yields at both sites were similar to sole crop yields due to low pea competition; but in 1987, they were 35 to 40% lower than sole crop yields. In three of four location‐years, grain‐N yield was higher in the intercrop than in sole barley. Nitrogen returned to soil in barley‐pea residues was at least 22% higher than in barley straw. Of the intercrop components, only barley‐straw yield increased when fertilized with 80 kg N ha −1 . Peagrain yields were not affected by barley seeding rates; but barley yields decreased linearly when pea density increased from 0 to 75 seeds m −2 . Fertilizer N did not interact with seeding densities of barley and pea. Area × Time Equivalent Ratios indicated an advantage of intercropping over sole cropping in N but not in plant yield. Barley‐pea intercrops, each species seeded at half its sole rate, appear to increase N production in grain and straw over sole cropping under both soil‐climate conditions.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropped barley yield was similar to sole barley yield in 1986.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Treatment
- intercropped‐barleye0
- Outcome
- intercropped‐barley yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- sole crope0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“In 1986, intercropped‐barley yields at both sites were similar to sole crop yields due to low pea competition”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropped barley yield was 35 to 40% lower than sole barley in 1987.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Barley‐Field Pea Intercropt0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 35 to 40%e0
- Comparator
- sole crope0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but in 1987, they were 35 to 40% lower than sole crop yields.”
t0“Barley‐Field Pea Intercrop”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercrop grain nitrogen yield exceeded sole barley in three of four location-years.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- intercrope0
- Outcome
- grain‐N yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- three of four location‐yearse0
- Comparator
- sole barleye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In three of four location‐years, grain‐N yield was higher in the intercrop than in sole barley.”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley-pea residues returned at least 22% more nitrogen to soil than barley straw.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- barley‐pea residuese0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen returned to soile0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- at least 22%e0
- Comparator
- barley strawe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen returned to soil in barley‐pea residues was at least 22% higher than in barley straw.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization at 80 kg N ha−1 increased barley straw yield.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- 80 kg N ha −1e0
- Outcome
- barley‐straw yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only barley‐straw yield increased when fertilized with 80 kg N ha −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley seeding rate did not affect pea grain yield.
Verbatim
e0“Peagrain yields were not affected by barley seeding rates”
t0“Field Pea Intercrop”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing pea density from 0 to 75 seeds m−2 linearly decreased barley yield.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- pea densitye0
- Outcome
- barley yieldse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- 0 to 75 seeds m −2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“barley yields decreased linearly when pea density increased from 0 to 75 seeds m −2”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer nitrogen did not interact with barley and pea seeding densities.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- did not interact with seeding densitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertilizer N did not interact with seeding densities of barley and pea.”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping had an advantage in nitrogen yield but not plant yield.
- Outcome
- advantage of intercropping over sole cropping in N but not in plant yielde0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Area × Time Equivalent Ratios indicated an advantage of intercropping over sole cropping in N but not in plant yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend half sole seeding rates for both species to increase grain and straw nitrogen production.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- each species seeded at half its sole ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Barley‐pea intercrops, each species seeded at half its sole rate, appear to increase N production in grain and straw over sole cropping under both soil‐climate conditions.”
The same questions in other papers
intercropping · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results differ
35 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
45 papers more in this group
See all 49 papers →nitrogen · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
251 papers in the same direction as this paper · 44 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
295 papers more in this group
See all 299 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.