Abstract
Coffee is a very important product in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil, and most of it is planted as unshaded coffee monocultures, with few growers managing shaded coffee agroforestry systems (AFS). To analyze the opportunities and challenges associated with coffee agroforestry management, we conducted 58 semistructured interviews with coffee growers. In addition, we conducted a field investigation that tested production of Coffea canephora with the shade trees Australian Cedar (Toona ciliata), Jequitibá (Cariniana legalis), and Teak (Tectona grandis). Of the 58 interviewed farmers, 64% (37) were satisfied with the AFS. One of the main factors that caused satisfaction was obtaining income from sources other than coffee. Unsatisfied farmers mentioned the competition between shade trees and coffee shrubs. Cedar was the shade tree that grew most and reduced coffee production, while the combination with Jequitibá maintained more stable yields. We conclude that the higher the growth rate of trees, the higher the negative impact on the coffee production in the study areas.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Of 58 interviewed farmers, 64% (37) were satisfied with the agroforestry systems.
- Taxon
- Coffea canephora
Coffea canephorat0 - Outcome
- satisfiede1
- Value
- 64% (37)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Agroecological Transition of Conilon Coffee ( Coffea canephora ) Agroforestry Systems”
e1“Of the 58 interviewed farmers, 64% (37) were satisfied with the AFS”
Claim · model-written summary
Income from sources other than coffee was a main factor causing farmer satisfaction.
- Taxon
- Coffea canephoraCoffea canephorat0
- Outcome
- satisfactione2
- Qualifier
- obtaining income from sources other than coffeee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Agroecological Transition of Conilon Coffee ( Coffea canephora ) Agroforestry Systems”
e2“One of the main factors that caused satisfaction was obtaining income from sources other than coffee”
Claim · model-written summary
Unsatisfied farmers mentioned competition between shade trees and coffee shrubs.
- Taxon
- Coffea canephoraCoffea canephorat0
- Outcome
- competition between shade trees and coffee shrubse3
- Qualifier
- Unsatisfied farmerse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Agroecological Transition of Conilon Coffee ( Coffea canephora ) Agroforestry Systems”
e3“Unsatisfied farmers mentioned the competition between shade trees and coffee shrubs”
Claim · model-written summary
Australian Cedar (Toona ciliata) was the shade tree that grew most and reduced coffee production.
- Taxon
- Coffea canephoraCoffea canephorat0
- Interactor
- Toona ciliata
Toona ciliatae0other - Outcome
- coffee productione4
- Direction
- reducede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Agroecological Transition of Conilon Coffee ( Coffea canephora ) Agroforestry Systems”
e0“a field investigation that tested production of Coffea canephora with the shade trees Australian Cedar (Toona ciliata), Jequitibá (Cariniana legalis), and Teak (Tectona grandis)”
e4“Cedar was the shade tree that grew most and reduced coffee production, while the combination with Jequitibá maintained more stable yields”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination with Jequitibá (Cariniana legalis) maintained more stable coffee yields.
- Taxon
- Coffea canephoraCoffea canephorat0
- Interactor
- Cariniana legalis
Cariniana legalise0other - Outcome
- yieldse4
- Direction
- maintained more stablee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Agroecological Transition of Conilon Coffee ( Coffea canephora ) Agroforestry Systems”
e0“a field investigation that tested production of Coffea canephora with the shade trees Australian Cedar (Toona ciliata), Jequitibá (Cariniana legalis), and Teak (Tectona grandis)”
e4“Cedar was the shade tree that grew most and reduced coffee production, while the combination with Jequitibá maintained more stable yields”
Claim · model-written summary
The faster the growth rate of shade trees, the greater their negative impact on coffee production.
- Taxon
- Coffea canephoraCoffea canephorat0
- Treatment
- growth rate of treese5
- Outcome
- coffee productione5
- Direction
- highere5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Agroecological Transition of Conilon Coffee ( Coffea canephora ) Agroforestry Systems”
e5“We conclude that the higher the growth rate of trees, the higher the negative impact on the coffee production in the study areas”