Abstract
Field experiments were conducted in steel bins containing 13,600 kg of hard red winter wheat, Triiticum aestivum L. One bin was treated with ozone and the second bin served as a control. Stored grain insects were placed in bins for 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-d exposure periods in sampling tubes to test ozone concentrations of 0, 25, 50, and 70 parts per million by volume (ppmv). Ozone treatments on eggs and larvae of Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) were not effective, but pupae were more susceptible. Sitophilus oryzae (L.) adults were the most susceptible species with 100% mortality reached after 2 d in all ozone treatments. However, some progeny were produced at all concentrations and exposure periods. Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults had 100% mortality only after 4 d at 50 or 70 ppmv. No T. castaneum progeny were produced after 2-4 d at 70 ppmv. For Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), 100% mortality was never achieved and progeny were produced at all ozone concentrations. Laboratory experiments, testing the effectiveness of ozone in controlling psocids, were conducted in two polyvinyl chloride cylinders each containing 55 kg of hard red winter wheat. Ozone treatment at a concentration of 70 ppmv was highly effective against adult female Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel and Liposcelis paeta Pearman after only 1 d of exposure. However, it was not effective against eggs of both species at all exposure periods. Ozonation has potential for the control of some stored grain insect pests on wheat.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone was ineffective against P. interpunctella eggs.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Ozone treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Plodia interpunctella
.jpg?width=60)
Plodia interpunctellae0pest - Outcome
- eggse0
- Direction
- not effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Ozone treatments on eggs and larvae of Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) were not effective, but pupae were more susceptible.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone was ineffective against P. interpunctella larvae.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ozone treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Plodia interpunctellaPlodia interpunctellae0pest
- Outcome
- larvaee0
- Direction
- not effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ozone treatments on eggs and larvae of Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) were not effective, but pupae were more susceptible.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
P. interpunctella pupae were more susceptible to ozone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ozone treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Plodia interpunctellaPlodia interpunctellae0pest
- Outcome
- pupaee0
- Direction
- more susceptiblee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ozone treatments on eggs and larvae of Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) were not effective, but pupae were more susceptible.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
S. oryzae adults reached complete mortality after 2 days of ozone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ozone treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Sitophilus oryzae
Sitophilus oryzaee0pest - Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- most susceptiblee0
- Value
- 100%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sitophilus oryzae (L.) adults were the most susceptible species with 100% mortality reached after 2 d in all ozone treatments.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
S. oryzae produced some progeny under all ozone exposures.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- progenye0
- Direction
- producede0
- Interactor role
- peste0
Not reportedInteractorTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, some progeny were produced at all concentrations and exposure periods.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
T. castaneum adults reached complete mortality only after 4 days at 50 or 70 ppmv.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 50 or 70 ppmve0
- Interactor
- Tribolium castaneum
Tribolium castaneume0pest - Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- 100%e0
- Value
- 100%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults had 100% mortality only after 4 d at 50 or 70 ppmv.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
T. castaneum produced no progeny after 2–4 days at 70 ppmv.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 70 ppmve0
- Interactor
- T. castaneumTribolium castaneume0pest
- Outcome
- progenye0
- Direction
- Noe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No T. castaneum progeny were produced after 2-4 d at 70 ppmv.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
R. dominica never reached complete mortality under ozone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Rhyzopertha dominica
Rhyzopertha dominicae0pest - Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- never achievede0
- Value
- 100%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), 100% mortality was never achieved and progeny were produced at all ozone concentrations.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
C. ferrugineus never reached complete mortality under ozone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Cryptolestes ferrugineus
Cryptolestes ferrugineuse0pest - Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- never achievede0
- Value
- 100%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), 100% mortality was never achieved and progeny were produced at all ozone concentrations.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
O. surinamensis never reached complete mortality under ozone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Oryzaephilus surinamensis
Oryzaephilus surinamensise0pest - Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- never achievede0
- Value
- 100%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), 100% mortality was never achieved and progeny were produced at all ozone concentrations.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
R. dominica produced progeny at all ozone concentrations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Rhyzopertha dominicaRhyzopertha dominicae0pest
- Outcome
- progenye0
- Direction
- producede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), 100% mortality was never achieved and progeny were produced at all ozone concentrations.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
C. ferrugineus produced progeny at all ozone concentrations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Cryptolestes ferrugineusCryptolestes ferrugineuse0pest
- Outcome
- progenye0
- Direction
- producede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), 100% mortality was never achieved and progeny were produced at all ozone concentrations.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
O. surinamensis produced progeny at all ozone concentrations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Oryzaephilus surinamensisOryzaephilus surinamensise0pest
- Outcome
- progenye0
- Direction
- producede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), 100% mortality was never achieved and progeny were produced at all ozone concentrations.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone at 70 ppmv was highly effective against adult female L. bostrychophila after one day.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 70 ppmve0
- Interactor
- Liposcelis bostrychophila
Liposcelis bostrychophilae0pest - Outcome
- highly effectivee0
- Direction
- highly effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ozone treatment at a concentration of 70 ppmv was highly effective against adult female Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel and Liposcelis paeta Pearman after only 1 d of exposure.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone at 70 ppmv was highly effective against adult female L. paeta after one day.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 70 ppmve0
- Interactor
- Liposcelis paetaLiposcelis paetae0pest
- Outcome
- highly effectivee0
- Direction
- highly effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ozone treatment at a concentration of 70 ppmv was highly effective against adult female Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel and Liposcelis paeta Pearman after only 1 d of exposure.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone was ineffective against L. bostrychophila eggs.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- eggse0
- Direction
- not effectivee0
- Interactor role
- peste0
Not reportedInteractorTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, it was not effective against eggs of both species at all exposure periods.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone was ineffective against L. paeta eggs.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- eggse0
- Direction
- not effectivee0
- Interactor role
- peste0
Not reportedInteractorTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, it was not effective against eggs of both species at all exposure periods.”
t0“wheat”
The same questions in other papers
ozone · Sitophilus oryzae · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.