Abstract
Abstract This work determined the inter‐relationships between chemical constituents, rumen dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) degradabilities of fresh leaves from 20 multipurpose tree (MPTs) accessions belonging to the following genera: Acacia (2), Cajanus (2), Chamaecytisus (2), Erythrina (2), Leucaena (8) and Sesbania (4). Significant differences ( P < 0.05) were observed among genera in all assayed chemical attributes except hemicellulose. There was apparently no disappearance of N in A saligna after the initial solubility. All genera had similar DM and N solubility but varied in degradation rate of DM (0.064‐0.137h −1 ; P < 0.002) and N (0.062‐0.135 h −1 ; P < 0.001), effective degradability of DM (672‐856 g kg −1 ; P < .001) and effective degradability of N (NED; 701‐902 g kg −1 ; P < 0.001). Except for A saligna , synchronization indices of the release of nutrients for each accession ranged from perfect (0.93) to poor (‐0.31) for soluble nutrients and from moderate (0.75) to very poor (‐0.81) for insoluble slowly degradable nutrients because N was in excess. Inter‐relationships among chemical constituents, DM and N degradation constants were established using correlation and regression analyses. Negative correlations occurred between N solubility and proanthocyanidins (PAs; P < 0.05), N degradation rate and hemicellulose ( P <0.05), NED and either NDF ( P < 0.05) or hemicellulose ( P < 0.05) or PAs ( P < 0.01), while N degradation rate was positively correlated with N content ( P < 0.01). Equations for predicting N degradability characteristics (solubility, insoluble slowly degradable fraction, potential and effective degradability, rate of degradation and lag phase) accounted for 0.44‐0.83 of the variation (using chemical constituents), 0.56‐0.81 of the variation using corresponding DM degradation characteristics and, 0.74‐0.89 of the variation using mixed criteria. Superior models were of the form: ND_P = DM_P(‐β), where ND_P and DM_P are corresponding N and DM degradability characteristics, respectively, and β the regression of the deviations of the ratio ND_P : DM_P from unity on chemical constituents and accounted for 0.75‐0.92 Practical implications of DM degradability and nutrient release synchrony indices in relation to basal roughage intake and microbial protein synthesis were discussed. It was concluded that a mixed model could adequately predict N degradability of fresh forages and alleviate analytical cost. A functional approach of classifying browses is outlined.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Genera differed significantly in assayed chemical attributes except hemicellulose.
Verbatim
e0“Significant differences ( P < 0.05) were observed among genera in all assayed chemical attributes except hemicellulose.”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
A saligna showed apparently no nitrogen disappearance after initial solubility.
- Taxon
- A saligna
Acacia salignae0 - Outcome
- no disappearance of Ne0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was apparently no disappearance of N in A saligna after the initial solubility.”
Claim · model-written summary
All genera had similar dry matter and nitrogen solubility.
Verbatim
e0“All genera had similar DM and N solubility”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter degradation rate varied among genera from 0.064 to 0.137 h−1.
Verbatim
e0“varied in degradation rate of DM (0.064‐0.137h −1 ; P < 0.002)”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen degradation rate varied among genera from 0.062 to 0.135 h−1.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“N (0.062‐0.135 h −1 ; P < 0.001)”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Effective dry matter degradability varied among genera.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“effective degradability of DM (672‐856 g kg −1 ; P < .001)”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Effective nitrogen degradability varied among genera.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“effective degradability of N (NED; 701‐902 g kg −1 ; P < 0.001)”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble nutrient release synchrony ranged from perfect to poor except for A saligna.
- Taxon
- A salignaAcacia salignae0
- Outcome
- synchronization indices of the release of nutrientse0
- Value
- 0.93e0
- Qualifier
- Except for A salignae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Except for A saligna , synchronization indices of the release of nutrients for each accession ranged from perfect (0.93) to poor (‐0.31) for soluble nutrients”
Claim · model-written summary
Insoluble nutrient release synchrony ranged from moderate to very poor because nitrogen was in excess.
Verbatim
e0“from moderate (0.75) to very poor (‐0.81) for insoluble slowly degradable nutrients because N was in excess.”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen solubility correlated negatively with proanthocyanidins.
Verbatim
e0“Negative correlations occurred between N solubility and proanthocyanidins (PAs; P < 0.05)”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen degradation rate correlated negatively with hemicellulose.
Verbatim
e0“N degradation rate and hemicellulose ( P <0.05)”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Effective nitrogen degradability correlated negatively with NDF.
Verbatim
e0“NED and either NDF ( P < 0.05)”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Effective nitrogen degradability correlated negatively with hemicellulose.
Verbatim
e0“NED and either NDF ( P < 0.05) or hemicellulose ( P < 0.05)”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Effective nitrogen degradability correlated negatively with proanthocyanidins.
Verbatim
e0“NED and either NDF ( P < 0.05) or hemicellulose ( P < 0.05) or PAs ( P < 0.01)”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen degradation rate correlated positively with nitrogen content.
Verbatim
e0“N degradation rate was positively correlated with N content ( P < 0.01)”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical constituents predicted nitrogen degradability characteristics with 0.44 to 0.83 of variation accounted for.
Verbatim
e0“Equations for predicting N degradability characteristics (solubility, insoluble slowly degradable fraction, potential and effective degradability, rate of degradation and lag phase) accounted for 0.44‐0.83 of the variation (using chemical constituents)”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Corresponding dry matter degradation characteristics predicted nitrogen degradability with 0.56 to 0.81 of variation accounted for.
Verbatim
e0“0.56‐0.81 of the variation using corresponding DM degradation characteristics”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed criteria predicted nitrogen degradability with 0.74 to 0.89 of variation accounted for.
Verbatim
e0“0.74‐0.89 of the variation using mixed criteria”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Superior ND_P models accounted for 0.75 to 0.92 of variation.
Verbatim
e0“Superior models were of the form: ND_P = DM_P(‐β), where ND_P and DM_P are corresponding N and DM degradability characteristics, respectively, and β the regression of the deviations of the ratio ND_P : DM_P from unity on chemical constituents and accounted for 0.75‐0.92”
t0“multipurpose trees”
Claim · model-written summary
A mixed model could adequately predict nitrogen degradability of fresh forages and alleviate analytical cost.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“It was concluded that a mixed model could adequately predict N degradability of fresh forages and alleviate analytical cost.”
t0“multipurpose trees”