Abstract
Abstract The disease development and some physiobiochemical indices of 3-4-year-old Pinus thunbergii inoculated with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus were studied. The results showed that after nematode invasion, the disease expanded from the base to the upper part of the main stem, there was an interruption of resin exudation, drying and pith browning occurred sequentially in stem xylem, then the needles wilted and finally the plant died. The number of nematodes increased continuously and rapidly, and increased significantly just after symptoms appeared in pine seedlings. The stem water content decreased gradually, stem and leaf relative water content in a new season branch began to decrease not long before symptoms appeared, and the optical density of organic acid extract from the stem of pine seedlings increased. It is suggested that stem water content could be used as a disease indicator, and organic acid would be the most reliable physiobiochemical index for early diagnosis of the disease.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Following nematode invasion, disease progressed from stem base upward.
- Taxon
- Japanese black pine
Pinus thunbergiit0 - Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
Bursaphelenchus xylophilust0pathogen - Outcome
- disease expanded from the base to the upper part of the main steme0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“after nematode invasion, the disease expanded from the base to the upper part of the main stem”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, infection of Japanese black pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Resin exudation stopped after infection.
- Taxon
- Japanese black pinePinus thunbergiit0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophilust0pathogen
- Outcome
- interruption of resin exudatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was an interruption of resin exudation”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, infection of Japanese black pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem xylem dried and its pith browned sequentially.
- Taxon
- Japanese black pinePinus thunbergiit0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophilust0pathogen
- Outcome
- drying and pith browning occurred sequentially in stem xyleme0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drying and pith browning occurred sequentially in stem xylem”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, infection of Japanese black pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Needles wilted and plants died after stem symptoms.
- Taxon
- Japanese black pinePinus thunbergiit0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophilust0pathogen
- Outcome
- needles wilted and finally the plant diede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“then the needles wilted and finally the plant died”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, infection of Japanese black pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Nematode numbers rose rapidly and significantly after seedling symptoms appeared.
- Taxon
- Japanese black pinePinus thunbergiit0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophilust0pathogen
- Outcome
- number of nematodese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- just after symptoms appeared in pine seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The number of nematodes increased continuously and rapidly, and increased significantly just after symptoms appeared in pine seedlings”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, infection of Japanese black pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem water content gradually fell.
- Taxon
- Japanese black pinePinus thunbergiit0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophilust0pathogen
- Outcome
- stem water contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The stem water content decreased gradually”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, infection of Japanese black pine”
Claim · model-written summary
New-season branch stem and leaf relative water content began falling shortly before symptoms.
- Taxon
- Japanese black pinePinus thunbergiit0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophilust0pathogen
- Outcome
- stem and leaf relative water contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- not long before symptoms appearede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“stem and leaf relative water content in a new season branch began to decrease not long before symptoms appeared”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, infection of Japanese black pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Optical density of stem organic acid extract increased.
- Taxon
- Japanese black pinePinus thunbergiit0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophilust0pathogen
- Outcome
- optical density of organic acid extract from the stem of pine seedlingse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the optical density of organic acid extract from the stem of pine seedlings increased”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, infection of Japanese black pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem water content was suggested as a disease indicator.
- Taxon
- Japanese black pinePinus thunbergiit0
- Outcome
- stem water content could be used as a disease indicatore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“stem water content could be used as a disease indicator”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, infection of Japanese black pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic acid was suggested as the most reliable early diagnostic index.
- Taxon
- Japanese black pinePinus thunbergiit0
- Outcome
- organic acid would be the most reliable physiobiochemical index for early diagnosis of the diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organic acid would be the most reliable physiobiochemical index for early diagnosis of the disease”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, infection of Japanese black pine”