Abstract
Screening methodology remains a practical barrier in the breeding of Al‐tolerant soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Our objectives were to (i) develop a repeatable sand‐media culture method for Al tolerance screening of plants, (ii) compare Al response of genotypes in sand culture to a standard hydroponics‐based seedling culture, and (iii) establish a practical guide for the use of hydroponics and sand‐culture screening methods in the selection of Al‐tolerant soybean. We developed a sand‐media culture method and imposed 0 and 450 μ M Al 3+ activity treatments upon 10 diverse soybean genotypes. The experiment employed a randomized complete block design with nine replications. Root weight and relative root surface area (RRSA) were determined at 18 d after transplanting (DAT). In hydroponics, the genotypes were compared for taproot elongation after 3 d of exposure to 0, 2, and 5 μ M Al 3+ activity treatments in a split plot design with six replications. Aluminum stress was imposed successfully (approximately 57% of the growth in control) in hydroponics and sand culture, but discrepancies between methods were apparent. The hydroponics‐based seedling screen produced an inflated range of genotypic response and altered Al tolerance rankings in comparison with sand culture. ‘Perry’, which was tolerant to Al in sand culture, was remarkably sensitive to Al in hydroponics. Despite the discrepancies, seedling‐based screening successfully identified three (PI 417021, PI 416937, and Biloxi) of the four genotypes that were most tolerant to Al in sand culture. Results suggested that seedling screens can play a practical role in breeding. However, their application to a specific breeding population should be validated with older plants and solid media. The RRSA appeared to be a promising measure of A1 tolerance for soybean roots.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminum stress reduced soybean growth to approximately 57% of control in both methods.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Aluminum stresse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Value
- approximately 57%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aluminum stress was imposed successfully (approximately 57% of the growth in control) in hydroponics and sand culture, but discrepancies between methods were apparent.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The hydroponic seedling screen inflated the range of genotypic responses relative to sand culture.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- range of genotypic responsee0
- Direction
- inflatede0
- Comparator
- sand culturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The hydroponics‐based seedling screen produced an inflated range of genotypic response and altered Al tolerance rankings in comparison with sand culture.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The hydroponic seedling screen changed aluminum tolerance rankings relative to sand culture.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Al tolerance rankingse0
- Direction
- alterede0
- Comparator
- sand culturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The hydroponics‐based seedling screen produced an inflated range of genotypic response and altered Al tolerance rankings in comparison with sand culture.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Perry was aluminum tolerant in sand culture but remarkably sensitive in hydroponics.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Perrye0
- Outcome
- tolerant to Al in sand culturee0
- Comparator
- hydroponicse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Perry’, which was tolerant to Al in sand culture, was remarkably sensitive to Al in hydroponics.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The seedling screen identified three of four genotypes most aluminum tolerant in sand culture.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- successfully identifiede0
- Value
- threee0
- Qualifier
- of the four genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seedling‐based screening successfully identified three (PI 417021, PI 416937, and Biloxi) of the four genotypes that were most tolerant to Al in sand culture.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling screens were judged useful in breeding.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- seedling screens can play a practical role in breedinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results suggested that seedling screens can play a practical role in breeding.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling screens for specific breeding populations should be validated with older plants and solid media.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- should be validated with older plants and solid mediae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their application to a specific breeding population should be validated with older plants and solid media.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative root surface area appeared promising as a soybean root aluminum tolerance measure.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- promising measure of A1 tolerancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The RRSA appeared to be a promising measure of A1 tolerance for soybean roots.”
t0“Soybean”
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heavy metal · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
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See all 29 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.