Abstract
Cold acclimation and freezing tolerance are the result of complex interaction between low temperature, light, and photosystem II (PSII) excitation pressure. Previous results have shown that expression of the Wcs19 gene is correlated with PSII excitation pressure measured in vivo as the relative reduction state of PSII. Using cDNA library screening and data mining, we have identified three different groups of proteins, late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) 3-L1, LEA3-L2, and LEA3-L3, sharing identities with WCS19. These groups represent a new class of proteins in cereals related to group 3 LEA proteins. They share important characteristics such as a sorting signal that is predicted to target them to either the chloroplast or mitochondria and a C-terminal sequence that may be involved in oligomerization. The results of subcellular fractionation, immunolocalization by electron microscopy and the analyses of target sequences within the Wcs19 gene are consistent with the localization of WCS19 within the chloroplast stroma of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rye (Secale cereale). Western analysis showed that the accumulation of chloroplastic LEA3-L2 proteins is correlated with the capacity of different wheat and rye cultivars to develop freezing tolerance. Arabidopsis was transformed with the Wcs19 gene and the transgenic plants showed a significant increase in their freezing tolerance. This increase was only evident in cold-acclimated plants. The putative function of this protein in the enhancement of freezing tolerance is discussed.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Three WCS19-related protein groups were identified in cereals.
Verbatim
e0“we have identified three different groups of proteins, late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) 3-L1, LEA3-L2, and LEA3-L3, sharing identities with WCS19. These groups represent a new class of proteins in cereals related to group 3 LEA proteins.”
Claim · model-written summary
These cereal proteins share a predicted chloroplast or mitochondrial sorting signal and a C-terminal sequence potentially involved in oligomerization.
Verbatim
e0“They share important characteristics such as a sorting signal that is predicted to target them to either the chloroplast or mitochondria and a C-terminal sequence that may be involved in oligomerization.”
e1“These groups represent a new class of proteins in cereals related to group 3 LEA proteins.”
Claim · model-written summary
Evidence supported WCS19 localization within wheat chloroplast stroma.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Triticum aestivume0 - Gene
- WCS19e0
- Outcome
- localization of WCS19 within the chloroplast stromae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“are consistent with the localization of WCS19 within the chloroplast stroma of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rye (Secale cereale).”
Claim · model-written summary
Evidence supported WCS19 localization within rye chloroplast stroma.
- Taxon
- rye (Secale cereale)
Secale cerealee0 - Gene
- WCS19e0
- Outcome
- localization of WCS19 within the chloroplast stromae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“are consistent with the localization of WCS19 within the chloroplast stroma of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rye (Secale cereale).”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloroplastic LEA3-L2 protein accumulation correlated with wheat cultivar capacity to develop freezing tolerance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Gene
- chloroplastic LEA3-L2 proteinse0
- Outcome
- freezing tolerancee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Western analysis showed that the accumulation of chloroplastic LEA3-L2 proteins is correlated with the capacity of different wheat and rye cultivars to develop freezing tolerance.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloroplastic LEA3-L2 protein accumulation correlated with rye cultivar capacity to develop freezing tolerance.
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee0
- Gene
- chloroplastic LEA3-L2 proteinse0
- Outcome
- freezing tolerancee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Western analysis showed that the accumulation of chloroplastic LEA3-L2 proteins is correlated with the capacity of different wheat and rye cultivars to develop freezing tolerance.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wcs19-transformed Arabidopsis had significantly increased freezing tolerance only following cold acclimation.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- transformed with the Wcs19 genee0
- Gene
- Wcs19e0
- Outcome
- freezing tolerancee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- only evident in cold-acclimated plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis was transformed with the Wcs19 gene and the transgenic plants showed a significant increase in their freezing tolerance. This increase was only evident in cold-acclimated plants.”
The same questions in other papers
transgenic · tolerance: abiotic · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.