Abstract
Abstract Plant availability of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) are affected not only by the extractable concentration, but also by soil pH. However, the effect of acidity on uptake at high soil test levels of these nutrient elements is not clear. Three greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of pH on soil and plant tissue concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Mn and on the growth of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Two Inceptisols and five Ultisols that had received large amounts of Zn and/or Cu were used. Treatments included three replications of five pH levels from 5.0 to 7.0. Mehlich‐3 extractable soil Zn and Cu were affected little between pH 5.0 and 7.0. Likewise, soil Mn was affected little between pH 6.0 and 7.0, but there was an acidity by soil interaction between pH 5.0 and 6.0. Plant Zn increased with increasing soil Zn and decreased with increasing soil pH. Zinc in peanut and soybean also appeared to decrease with higher levels of soil Cu. Plant Mn also decreased with increasing soil pH. Plant Cu was not affected consistently by soil pH. Toxicity was expressed by a decrease in dry weight with increasing soil Zn. Peanut dry weight decreased at soil Zn levels between 60 and 300 mg dm‐3, but it was not clear from these data if this limit would be altered by a change in soil pH. A similar effect was shown for soybean. Soybean dry weight decreased with decreasing pH, but the opposite effect was noted for rice, apparently because of a pH effect on iron (Fe) utilization.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Plant zinc increased as soil zinc increased.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeae1 - Compound
- soil Zne0
- Outcome
- Plant Zne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant Zn increased with increasing soil Zn”
e1“peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant zinc decreased as soil pH increased.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Outcome
- Plant Zne0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- increasing soil pHe0
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant Zn increased with increasing soil Zn and decreased with increasing soil pH.”
e1“peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc in peanut appeared to decrease at higher soil copper.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Compound
- soil Cue0
- Outcome
- Zinc in peanute0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- appearede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc in peanut and soybean also appeared to decrease with higher levels of soil Cu.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc in soybean appeared to decrease at higher soil copper.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Compound
- soil Cue0
- Outcome
- Zinc in peanut and soybeane0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- appearede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc in peanut and soybean also appeared to decrease with higher levels of soil Cu.”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant manganese decreased as soil pH increased.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- soil pHe0
- Outcome
- Plant Mne0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant Mn also decreased with increasing soil pH.”
e1“peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant copper did not respond consistently to soil pH.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- soil pHe0
- Outcome
- Plant Cue0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant Cu was not affected consistently by soil pH.”
e1“peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut dry weight fell with increasing soil zinc, at soil zinc levels between 60 and 300 mg dm‐3.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Compound
- soil Zne0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 60 and 300 mg dm‐3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut dry weight decreased at soil Zn levels between 60 and 300 mg dm‐3”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean showed a similar dry-weight decline at high soil zinc.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Compound
- soil Zne0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Toxicity was expressed by a decrease in dry weight with increasing soil Zn.”
e1“A similar effect was shown for soybean.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean dry weight decreased as pH decreased.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- decreasing pHe0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean dry weight decreased with decreasing pH”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice dry weight showed the opposite response to decreasing pH from soybean.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- decreasing pHe0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- opposite effecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean dry weight decreased with decreasing pH, but the opposite effect was noted for rice, apparently because of a pH effect on iron (Fe) utilization.”
Claim · model-written summary
Acidity was interpreted to alter iron utilization in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- iron (Fe) utilizatione0
- Qualifier
- pH effecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the opposite effect was noted for rice, apparently because of a pH effect on iron (Fe) utilization.”