Abstract
Abstract The effect of Fusarium verticillioides Sacc. (Nirenberg) in maize stem and grain on the oviposition behaviour and bionomics of lepidopteran and coleopteran pests in West Africa was studied in olfactometer, greenhouse, and field trials in Benin. In a choice experiment, the pyralid Eldana saccharina (Walker) laid on average 31.9 eggs on inoculated maize stems vs. 9.2 and 7.8 on stems from plants, grown from hot‐water or fungicide treated seeds, respectively. For the pyralid Mussidia nigrivenella (Ragonot) the values were 42.1 in the inoculation and 7.8 eggs in the fungicide treatment. The survival of E. saccharina larvae was significantly higher from the inoculation than the hot‐water or fungicide treatments. Fecundity in the three treatments was 494, 307, and 268 eggs per female, respectively. In an olfactometer experiment, no significant differences were found in the time spent by the curculionid Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky between the odor field with Fusarium ‐infected grain and with uninfected grain, but both were significantly different from the controls. Significant differences were obtained for the nitidulid Carpophilus dimidiatus (Fabricius) with 50.5 and 35.8%, respectively, of the time spent in the Fusarium ‐infected and non‐infected odor field. For both species, no differences were found between sexes. For S. zeamais , development time was significantly higher when reared on infected (37.2 days) than on non‐infected grain (34.4 days), whereas fecundity, expressed as number of progenies during the first 4 weeks, was lower on the inoculated grain (11 vs. 16 offspring per female). For C. dimidiatus the situation was the reverse: development time was shorter and fecundity was higher on infected grain (32.4 vs. 34.4 days, and 18 vs. 13 offspring per female, respectively). It was concluded that the higher pest densities found in the stem and ear of field grown maize was due to a higher attraction to and higher immature survival and adult fecundity on F. verticillioides infected plants.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Eldana laid 31.9 eggs on inoculated stems versus 9.2 and 7.8 on treated-seed stems.
- Treatment
- inoculated maize stemse0
- Interactor
- Eldana saccharina
Eldana saccharinae0pest - Second interactor
- Fusarium verticillioides
Fusarium verticillioidese1pathogene0 - Outcome
- Eldana saccharina (Walker) laid on averagee0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 31.9 eggse0
- Comparator
- hot‐water or fungicide treated seedse0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Eldana saccharina (Walker) laid on average 31.9 eggs on inoculated maize stems vs. 9.2 and 7.8 on stems from plants, grown from hot‐water or fungicide treated seeds, respectively”
e1“Fusarium verticillioides Sacc. (Nirenberg) in maize stem and grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Mussidia laid 42.1 eggs after inoculation versus 7.8 after fungicide treatment.
- Treatment
- inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Mussidia nigrivenellaMussidia nigrivenellae0pest
- Second interactor
- Fusarium verticillioidesFusarium verticillioidese2pathogene0
- Outcome
- Mussidia nigrivenellae0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 42.1e0
- Comparator
- fungicide treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For the pyralid Mussidia nigrivenella (Ragonot) the values were 42.1 in the inoculation and 7.8 eggs in the fungicide treatment”
e1“maize stem and grain on the oviposition behaviour and bionomics of lepidopteran and coleopteran pests in West Africa”
e2“Fusarium verticillioides Sacc. (Nirenberg) in maize stem and grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Eldana larval survival was significantly higher after inoculation.
- Treatment
- inoculatione0
- Interactor
- E. saccharinaEldana saccharinae0pest
- Second interactor
- Fusarium verticillioidesFusarium verticillioidese2pathogene0
- Outcome
- survival of E. saccharina larvaee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- hot‐water or fungicide treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“survival of E. saccharina larvae was significantly higher from the inoculation than the hot‐water or fungicide treatments”
e1“maize stem and grain on the oviposition behaviour and bionomics of lepidopteran and coleopteran pests in West Africa”
e2“Fusarium verticillioides Sacc. (Nirenberg) in maize stem and grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Eldana fecundity was 494, 307 and 268 eggs per female across the three treatments.
- Interactor
- Eldana saccharinaEldana saccharinae2peste0
- Outcome
- Fecunditye0
- Value
- 494, 307, and 268 eggs per femalee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fecundity in the three treatments was 494, 307, and 268 eggs per female, respectively”
e1“maize stem and grain on the oviposition behaviour and bionomics of lepidopteran and coleopteran pests in West Africa”
e2“the pyralid Eldana saccharina (Walker) laid on average 31.9 eggs”
Claim · model-written summary
Sitophilus spent similar time in infected and uninfected grain odor fields.
- Treatment
- Fusarium ‐infected graine0
- Interactor
- Sitophilus zeamais
Sitophilus zeamaise0pest - Outcome
- time spent by the curculionid Sitophilus zeamais Motschulskye0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Comparator
- uninfected graine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no significant differences were found in the time spent by the curculionid Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky between the odor field with Fusarium ‐infected grain and with uninfected grain”
e1“maize stem and grain on the oviposition behaviour and bionomics of lepidopteran and coleopteran pests in West Africa”
Claim · model-written summary
Carpophilus spent 50.5% versus 35.8% of time in infected and uninfected odor fields.
- Treatment
- Fusarium ‐infectede0
- Interactor
- Carpophilus dimidiatus
_(11400869085).png?width=60)
Carpophilus dimidiatuse0pest - Outcome
- time spente0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 50.5e0
- Comparator
- non‐infected odor fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(11400869085).png?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Carpophilus dimidiatus (Fabricius) with 50.5 and 35.8%, respectively, of the time spent in the Fusarium ‐infected and non‐infected odor field”
e1“maize stem and grain on the oviposition behaviour and bionomics of lepidopteran and coleopteran pests in West Africa”
Claim · model-written summary
Sitophilus development took 37.2 days on infected versus 34.4 days on uninfected grain.
- Treatment
- infectede0
- Interactor
- S. zeamaisSitophilus zeamaise2peste0
- Second interactor
- Fusarium verticillioidesFusarium verticillioidese3pathogene0
- Outcome
- development timee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 37.2 dayse0
- Comparator
- non‐infected graine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“development time was significantly higher when reared on infected (37.2 days) than on non‐infected grain (34.4 days)”
e1“maize stem and grain on the oviposition behaviour and bionomics of lepidopteran and coleopteran pests in West Africa”
e2“For S. zeamais , development time was significantly higher”
e3“Fusarium verticillioides Sacc. (Nirenberg) in maize stem and grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Sitophilus fecundity was lower on inoculated grain, 11 versus 16 offspring.
- Treatment
- inoculated graine0
- Interactor
- S. zeamaisSitophilus zeamaise2peste0
- Second interactor
- Fusarium verticillioidesFusarium verticillioidese3pathogene0
- Outcome
- fecunditye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 11 vs. 16 offspring per femalee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fecundity, expressed as number of progenies during the first 4 weeks, was lower on the inoculated grain (11 vs. 16 offspring per female)”
e1“maize stem and grain on the oviposition behaviour and bionomics of lepidopteran and coleopteran pests in West Africa”
e2“For S. zeamais , development time was significantly higher”
e3“Fusarium verticillioides Sacc. (Nirenberg) in maize stem and grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Carpophilus development was shorter on infected grain, 32.4 versus 34.4 days.
- Treatment
- infected graine0
- Interactor
- C. dimidiatusCarpophilus dimidiatuse2peste0
- Second interactor
- Fusarium verticillioidesFusarium verticillioidese3pathogene0
- Outcome
- development timee0
- Direction
- shortere0
- Value
- 32.4 vs. 34.4 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“development time was shorter and fecundity was higher on infected grain (32.4 vs. 34.4 days, and 18 vs. 13 offspring per female, respectively)”
e1“maize stem and grain on the oviposition behaviour and bionomics of lepidopteran and coleopteran pests in West Africa”
e2“For C. dimidiatus the situation was the reverse”
e3“Fusarium verticillioides Sacc. (Nirenberg) in maize stem and grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Carpophilus fecundity was higher on infected grain, 18 versus 13 offspring.
- Treatment
- infected graine0
- Interactor
- C. dimidiatusCarpophilus dimidiatuse2peste0
- Second interactor
- Fusarium verticillioidesFusarium verticillioidese3pathogene0
- Outcome
- fecunditye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 18 vs. 13 offspring per femalee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fecundity was higher on infected grain (32.4 vs. 34.4 days, and 18 vs. 13 offspring per female, respectively)”
e1“maize stem and grain on the oviposition behaviour and bionomics of lepidopteran and coleopteran pests in West Africa”
e2“For C. dimidiatus the situation was the reverse”
e3“Fusarium verticillioides Sacc. (Nirenberg) in maize stem and grain”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Eldana saccharina · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.