Abstract
Integrated disease management should provide the most effective means of controlling rusts on ornamental crops over time, and fungicides are an important component of an integrated rust management program. Proper timing of fungicide applications is critical for effective disease management; however, information about application timing is lacking for rusts on ornamental crops. The objective of this study was to determine how fungicides affected rust development on daylily, geranium, and sunflower plants when applied several days before or after inoculation. Five fungicides registered for use against rusts on ornamental crops were evaluated: the strobilurin azoxystrobin; three sterol biosynthesis inhibiting fungicides-myclobutanil, propiconazole, and triadimefon; and the broad spectrum protectant chlorothalonil. All five fungicides significantly reduced lesion development by rust pathogens on daylily, geranium, and sunflower plants when these compounds were applied preventatively up to 15 days before inoculation and infection with a few exceptions (e.g., propiconazole on geranium and triadimefon on sunflower). Curative activity, which resulted from fungicide application after inoculation, was observed for the three rusts with some products (azoxystrobin on all three plants and myclobutanil, propiconazole, and triadimefon on geranium) when applied up to 7 days postinoculation. In general, fungicide efficacy with several of the products decreased as the time from application to inoculation (preventative activity) or inoculation to application (curative activity) increased.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Preventive fungicides generally reduced daylily rust lesions up to 15 days before inoculation.
- Taxon
- daylily
_v2.jpg?width=60)
Hemerocallis hybrid cultivare0 - Treatment
- All five fungicidese0
- Interactor
- rust pathogense0pathogen
- Outcome
- lesion development by rust pathogense0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- up to 15 days before inoculatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_v2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“All five fungicides significantly reduced lesion development by rust pathogens on daylily, geranium, and sunflower plants when these compounds were applied preventatively up to 15 days before inoculation and infection with a few exceptions”
Claim · model-written summary
Preventive fungicides generally reduced geranium rust lesions up to 15 days before inoculation, with exceptions.
- Treatment
- All five fungicidese0
- Interactor
- rust pathogense0pathogen
- Outcome
- lesion development by rust pathogense0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- propiconazole on geraniume0
GeraniumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All five fungicides significantly reduced lesion development by rust pathogens on daylily, geranium, and sunflower plants when these compounds were applied preventatively up to 15 days before inoculation and infection with a few exceptions (e.g., propiconazole on geranium and triadimefon on sunflower).”
Claim · model-written summary
Preventive fungicides generally reduced sunflower rust lesions up to 15 days before inoculation, with exceptions.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Treatment
- All five fungicidese0
- Interactor
- rust pathogense0pathogen
- Outcome
- lesion development by rust pathogense0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- triadimefon on sunflowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All five fungicides significantly reduced lesion development by rust pathogens on daylily, geranium, and sunflower plants when these compounds were applied preventatively up to 15 days before inoculation and infection with a few exceptions (e.g., propiconazole on geranium and triadimefon on sunflower).”
Claim · model-written summary
Azoxystrobin had curative activity on all three plants up to 7 days after inoculation.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- azoxystrobine0
- Outcome
- Curative activitye0
- Qualifier
- all three plantse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Curative activity, which resulted from fungicide application after inoculation, was observed for the three rusts with some products (azoxystrobin on all three plants and myclobutanil, propiconazole, and triadimefon on geranium) when applied up to 7 days postinoculation.”
t0“Daylily, Geranium, and Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Myclobutanil, propiconazole and triadimefon showed curative activity on geranium up to 7 days after inoculation.
- Treatment
- myclobutanil, propiconazole, and triadimefone0
- Outcome
- Curative activitye0
- Qualifier
- up to 7 days postinoculatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Curative activity, which resulted from fungicide application after inoculation, was observed for the three rusts with some products (azoxystrobin on all three plants and myclobutanil, propiconazole, and triadimefon on geranium) when applied up to 7 days postinoculation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Efficacy generally decreased as preventive or curative application intervals lengthened.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- time from application to inoculatione0
- Outcome
- fungicide efficacye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In general, fungicide efficacy with several of the products decreased as the time from application to inoculation (preventative activity) or inoculation to application (curative activity) increased.”
t0“Daylily, Geranium, and Sunflower”
The same questions in other papers
fungicide · disease · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.