Abstract
Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) is known to be both autotoxic and allelopathic. Greenhouse and laboratory experiments were conducted to determine if ‘WL‐316’ alfalfa exhibits short‐term autotoxicity and long‐term autotoxicity and allelopathy. Long‐term autotoxicity and allelopathy of alfalfa were verified at Urbana, IL, by comparing the germination and growth of alfalfa and sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] on Flanagan silt loam (fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Aquic Argiudoll) previously cropped to alfalfa (alfalfa‐soil) and sorghum (sorghum‐soil). Short‐term autotoxicity of alfalfa was investigated by studying the effect of incorporating its roots only and both roots and shoots on the germination and growth of alfalfa in alfalfasoil and sorghum‐soil. The data were further supported by a laboratory bioassay of seedling exudate and shoot leachate of alfalfa and sorghum. Plant height and fresh weight per plant of alfalfa and fresh weight per plant of sorghum were lower on alfalfa‐soil than on sorghum‐soil. Germination percentages of both alfalfa and sorghum and plant height of sorghum were unaffected by the preceding crop. The two soils differed in nutrient content, but fertility was high and should not have been limiting to the growth of either crop. As a result, allelopathic/autotoxic compounds in alfalfa‐soil were implicated in the growth inhibition of the two crops. Soil incorporation of fresh alfalfa roots only or both roots and shoots reduced alfalfa emergence, plant height, and dry weight per plant. Primary effects of water‐soluble inhibitory compounds from alfalfa shoot appeared to be on germination and radicle elongation, the latter being apparently more sensitive than the former. Alfalfa allelopathy seems to be more severe than autotoxicity. A flow diagram describes different kinds of allelopathy and autotoxicity and various situations that verify the existence of a particular kind of allelopathy or autotoxicity
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa plant height and fresh weight per plant were lower on alfalfa-soil than on sorghum-soil.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae0 - Treatment
- alfalfa‐soile0
- Outcome
- Plant height and fresh weight per plant of alfalfae0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- sorghum‐soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant height and fresh weight per plant of alfalfa and fresh weight per plant of sorghum were lower on alfalfa‐soil than on sorghum‐soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum fresh weight per plant was lower on alfalfa-soil than on sorghum-soil.
- Treatment
- alfalfa‐soile0
- Outcome
- fresh weight per plant of sorghume0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- sorghum‐soile0
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant height and fresh weight per plant of alfalfa and fresh weight per plant of sorghum were lower on alfalfa‐soil than on sorghum‐soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa germination percentage was unaffected by the preceding crop.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- preceding crope0
- Outcome
- Germination percentagese0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination percentages of both alfalfa and sorghum and plant height of sorghum were unaffected by the preceding crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum germination percentage was unaffected by the preceding crop.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination percentages of both alfalfa and sorghum and plant height of sorghum were unaffected by the preceding crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum plant height was unaffected by the preceding crop.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination percentages of both alfalfa and sorghum and plant height of sorghum were unaffected by the preceding crop”
Claim · model-written summary
The alfalfa-soil and sorghum-soil differed in nutrient content.
- Outcome
- nutrient contente0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The two soils differed in nutrient content”
Claim · model-written summary
Allelopathic/autotoxic compounds in alfalfa-soil were implicated in growth inhibition of the two crops.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Compound
- allelopathic/autotoxic compoundse0
- Outcome
- growth inhibition of the two cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“allelopathic/autotoxic compounds in alfalfa‐soil were implicated in the growth inhibition of the two crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil incorporation of fresh alfalfa roots only, or roots and shoots, reduced alfalfa emergence, plant height and dry weight per plant.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- Soil incorporation of fresh alfalfa roots only or both roots and shootse0
- Outcome
- alfalfa emergence, plant height, and dry weight per plante0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil incorporation of fresh alfalfa roots only or both roots and shoots reduced alfalfa emergence, plant height, and dry weight per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Water-soluble inhibitory compounds from alfalfa shoot appeared to act primarily on germination and radicle elongation, radicle elongation being more sensitive.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Compound
- water‐soluble inhibitory compoundse0
- Outcome
- germination and radicle elongatione0
- Qualifier
- the latter being apparently more sensitive than the formere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Primary effects of water‐soluble inhibitory compounds from alfalfa shoot appeared to be on germination and radicle elongation, the latter being apparently more sensitive than the former”
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa allelopathy seems to be more severe than autotoxicity.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- allelopathy seems to be more severe than autotoxicitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alfalfa allelopathy seems to be more severe than autotoxicity”
The same questions in other papers
rotation · growth · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
rotation · growth · SorghumPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.