Abstract
To break the yield ceiling of rice production, a super rice project was developed in 1996 to breed rice varieties with super high yield. A two-year experiment was conducted to evaluate yield and nitrogen (N)-use response of super rice to different planting methods in the single cropping season. A total of 17 rice varieties, including 13 super rice and four non-super checks (CK), were grown under three N levels [0 (N0), 150 (N150), and 225 (N225) kg ha-1] and two planting methods [transplanting (TP) and direct-seeding in wet conditions (WDS)]. Grain yield under WDS (7.69 t ha-1) was generally lower than TP (8.58 t ha-1). However, grain yield under different planting methods was affected by N rates as well as variety groups. In both years, there was no difference in grain yield between super and CK varieties at N150, irrespective of planting methods. However, grain yield difference was dramatic in japonica groups at N225, that is, there was an 11.3% and 14.1% average increase in super rice than in CK varieties in WDS and TP, respectively. This suggests that high N input contributes to narrowing the yield gap in super rice varieties, which also indicates that super rice was bred for high fertility conditions. In the japonica group, more N was accumulated in super rice than in CK at N225, but no difference was found between super and CK varieties at N0 and N150. Similar results were also found for N agronomic efficiency. The results suggest that super rice varieties have an advantage for N-use efficiency when high N is applied. The response of super rice was greater under TP than under WDS. The results suggest that the need to further improve agronomic and other management practices to achieve high yield and N-use efficiency for super rice varieties in WDS.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield under direct-seeding in wet conditions (WDS, 7.69 t ha-1) was generally lower than under transplanting (TP, 8.58 t ha-1).
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- WDSe2
- Outcome
- Grain yielde2
- Direction
- lowere2
- Value
- 7.69 t ha-1e2
- Qualifier
- 8.58 t ha-1e2
- Comparator
- TPe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Super Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e2“Grain yield under WDS (7.69 t ha-1) was generally lower than TP (8.58 t ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
At N150, grain yield did not differ between super and CK varieties, irrespective of planting method.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- N150e3
- Outcome
- grain yielde3
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede3
- Qualifier
- irrespective of planting methodse3
- Comparator
- CK varietiese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Super Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e3“In both years, there was no difference in grain yield between super and CK varieties at N150, irrespective of planting methods”
Claim · model-written summary
In japonica groups at N225 under WDS, super rice gave an 11.3% average grain yield increase over CK varieties.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Material
- japonica groupse4
- Treatment
- N225e4
- Outcome
- grain yielde4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Value
- 11.3%e4
- Qualifier
- in WDSe4
- Comparator
- CK varietiese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Super Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e4“grain yield difference was dramatic in japonica groups at N225, that is, there was an 11.3% and 14.1% average increase in super rice than in CK varieties in WDS and TP, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In japonica groups at N225 under TP, super rice gave a 14.1% average grain yield increase over CK varieties.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Material
- japonica groupse4
- Treatment
- N225e4
- Outcome
- grain yielde4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Value
- 14.1%e4
- Qualifier
- TPe4
- Comparator
- CK varietiese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Super Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e4“grain yield difference was dramatic in japonica groups at N225, that is, there was an 11.3% and 14.1% average increase in super rice than in CK varieties in WDS and TP, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In the japonica group at N225, super rice accumulated more N than CK.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Material
- japonica groupe5
- Treatment
- N225e5
- Outcome
- more N was accumulatede5
- Direction
- moree5
- Comparator
- CKe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Super Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e5“In the japonica group, more N was accumulated in super rice than in CK at N225, but no difference was found between super and CK varieties at N0 and N150”
Claim · model-written summary
At N0 and N150, no difference in N accumulation was found between super rice and CK varieties.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Material
- japonica groupe5
- Treatment
- N0 and N150e5
- Outcome
- more N was accumulatede5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
- Comparator
- CK varietiese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Super Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e5“In the japonica group, more N was accumulated in super rice than in CK at N225, but no difference was found between super and CK varieties at N0 and N150”
Claim · model-written summary
Similar to N accumulation, N agronomic efficiency was higher in super rice than in CK at N225.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Material
- japonica groupe5
- Treatment
- N225e5
- Outcome
- N agronomic efficiencye6
- Direction
- higherinferrede6
- Comparator
- CKe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Super Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e5“In the japonica group, more N was accumulated in super rice than in CK at N225”
e6“Similar results were also found for N agronomic efficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Super rice varieties had an advantage for N-use efficiency when high N was applied.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- high Ne7
- Outcome
- N-use efficiencye7
- Direction
- higherinferrede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Super Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e7“The results suggest that super rice varieties have an advantage for N-use efficiency when high N is applied”
Claim · model-written summary
The response of super rice was greater under TP than under WDS.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- TPe1
- Outcome
- response of super ricee1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- WDSe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Super Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“The response of super rice was greater under TP than under WDS”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield under different planting methods was affected by N rates and variety groups.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Material
- variety groupse1
- Treatment
- N ratese1
- Outcome
- grain yield under different planting methodse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Super Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“grain yield under different planting methods was affected by N rates as well as variety groups”
Claim · model-written summary
Agronomic and other management practices should be further improved to achieve high yield and N-use efficiency for super rice varieties in WDS.
Verbatim
e1“The results suggest that the need to further improve agronomic and other management practices to achieve high yield and N-use efficiency for super rice varieties in WDS”
Claim · model-written summary
High N input narrows the yield gap in super rice varieties.
Verbatim
e1“This suggests that high N input contributes to narrowing the yield gap in super rice varieties”
The same questions in other papers
transplanting · organism · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- no effect
31 papers more in this group
See all 35 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.