Abstract
A survey was conducted in 2012 in Georgia to determine the most troublesome weeds in pecan orchards and document common herbicide weed control practices. Weed control practices and infestations in pecan were divided between winter and summer seasons. The most troublesome pecan winter weed species were wild radish and Italian ryegrass, whereas the most troublesome summer season weeds were Palmer amaranth and bermudagrass. Other weeds included crabgrass species, bahiagrass, Florida pusley, purslane species, morningglory species, curly dock, and cutleaf evening-primrose. The most widely used POST herbicide in both the winter and summer season was glyphosate. The most commonly used year-round herbicides with soil persistence were pendimethalin, diuron, flumioxazin, halosulfuron, simazine, indaziflam, and oryzalin. Use of multiple herbicides, PRE- and POST-contact and soil-persistent, with various herbicide mechanisms of action, have benefited pecan producers by providing year-round weed control, despite herbicide-resistant weeds being widely established in this region.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Wild radish and Italian ryegrass were the most troublesome winter weeds in pecan.
- Taxon
- pecan
_1_(24790682337).jpg?width=60)
Carya illinoinensise0 - Interactor
- wild radish and Italian ryegrass
Lolium multiflorum_Raphanus_raphanistrum_-_flowers.jpg?width=60)
Raphanus raphanistrume0weed - Outcome
- most troublesome pecan winter weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_1_(24790682337).jpg?width=500)
_Raphanus_raphanistrum_-_flowers.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The most troublesome pecan winter weed species were wild radish and Italian ryegrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Palmer amaranth and bermudagrass were the most troublesome summer weeds in pecan.
- Taxon
- pecanCarya illinoinensist0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranth and bermudagrasse0weed
- Outcome
- most troublesome summer season weedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the most troublesome summer season weeds were Palmer amaranth and bermudagrass.”
t0“pecan”
Claim · model-written summary
Other reported pecan weeds included crabgrass, bahiagrass, Florida pusley, purslane, morningglory, curly dock and cutleaf evening-primrose.
- Taxon
- pecanCarya illinoinensist0
- Interactor
- crabgrass speciese0
- Outcome
- Other weedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Other weeds included crabgrass species, bahiagrass, Florida pusley, purslane species, morningglory species, curly dock, and cutleaf evening-primrose.”
t0“pecan”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate was the most widely used POST herbicide in winter and summer.
- Taxon
- pecanCarya illinoinensist0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- most widely used POST herbicidee0
- Qualifier
- both the winter and summer seasone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most widely used POST herbicide in both the winter and summer season was glyphosate.”
t0“pecan”
Claim · model-written summary
Seven soil-persistent herbicides were commonly used year round.
- Taxon
- pecanCarya illinoinensist0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin, diuron, flumioxazin, halosulfuron, simazine, indaziflam, and oryzaline0
- Outcome
- most commonly used year-round herbicides with soil persistencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most commonly used year-round herbicides with soil persistence were pendimethalin, diuron, flumioxazin, halosulfuron, simazine, indaziflam, and oryzalin.”
t0“pecan”
Claim · model-written summary
Multiple herbicide use provided year-round pecan weed control despite resistant weeds.
- Taxon
- pecanCarya illinoinensist0
- Treatment
- multiple herbicidese0
- Outcome
- year-round weed controle0
- Direction
- benefitede0
- Qualifier
- despite herbicide-resistant weeds being widely established in this regione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Use of multiple herbicides, PRE- and POST-contact and soil-persistent, with various herbicide mechanisms of action, have benefited pecan producers by providing year-round weed control, despite herbicide-resistant weeds being widely established in this region.”
t0“pecan”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · weed · Carya illinoinensis (pecan)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.