Abstract
Abstract Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the major cash commodity from San Joaquin Valley farms. Frequently, growers plant cotton for 3 to 6 years without rotation. Alfalfa for hay production or grain crops are the main crops planted on land removed from cotton. Very few rotation studies with cotton have been conducted in the western states. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of certain rotations and N applications on growth and yield of cotton. Increased yields were obtained for cotton following alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) and cotton following corn ( Zea mays L.) over the continuous cotton plots. No advantage for yield was shown between cotton following corn and cotton following alfalfa. Nitrogen fertilization increased yields of continuous cotton, of cotton following corn, and of cotton the 2nd year following alfalfa, but not of cotton the 1st year after alfalfa. Water infiltration data showed that a significant reduction of water intake occurred on the N subplots compared to those with no N. Plant heights were significantly different at first‐bloom stage for both the rotation and the N treatments. Final plant height at maturity, however, was seldom influenced by rotation treatment. The N treatment produced taller plants in most years. Verticillium wilt was more prevalent in the continuous cotton than in the cotton following other crops. Wilt was also more prevalent on the N‐fertilized subplots. Growing continuous cotton lowered the yields, hindered early season growth, and increased Verticillium wilt. Nitrogen fertilization reduced infiltration rate of water, which is an important consideration to farm managers in this area.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton yield after alfalfa exceeded continuous cotton.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- following alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.)e0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- Increasede0
- Comparator
- continuous cotton plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased yields were obtained for cotton following alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) and cotton following corn ( Zea mays L.) over the continuous cotton plots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton yield after corn exceeded continuous cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- following corn ( Zea mays L.)e0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- Increasede0
- Comparator
- continuous cotton plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased yields were obtained for cotton following alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) and cotton following corn ( Zea mays L.) over the continuous cotton plots.”
Claim · model-written summary
No yield advantage was shown between cotton after corn and alfalfa.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- cotton following corne0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- No advantagee0
- Comparator
- cotton following alfalfae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No advantage for yield was shown between cotton following corn and cotton following alfalfa.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased continuous cotton yields.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- continuous cottone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilization increased yields of continuous cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased yields after corn.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- cotton following corne0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilization increased yields of continuous cotton, of cotton following corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased yields in year two after alfalfa.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 2nd year following alfalfae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilization increased yields of continuous cotton, of cotton following corn, and of cotton the 2nd year following alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen did not increase yields in the first year after alfalfa.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Qualifier
- 1st year after alfalfae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilization increased yields of continuous cotton, of cotton following corn, and of cotton the 2nd year following alfalfa, but not of cotton the 1st year after alfalfa.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen significantly reduced water intake.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- N subplotse0
- Outcome
- water intakee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- those with no Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant reduction of water intake occurred on the N subplots compared to those with no N.”
e1“Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the major cash commodity”
Claim · model-written summary
Both rotation and nitrogen significantly affected height at first bloom.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Organ / stage
- first‐bloom stagee0
- Treatment
- rotation and the N treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Plant heightse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant heights were significantly different at first‐bloom stage for both the rotation and the N treatments.”
e1“Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the major cash commodity”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotation seldom affected final plant height.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- rotation treatmente0
- Outcome
- Final plant heighte0
- Direction
- seldom influencede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Final plant height at maturity, however, was seldom influenced by rotation treatment.”
e1“Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the major cash commodity”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen produced taller cotton plants in most years.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- N treatmente0
- Outcome
- plantse0
- Direction
- tallere0
- Qualifier
- most yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The N treatment produced taller plants in most years.”
e1“Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the major cash commodity”
Claim · model-written summary
Verticillium wilt was more prevalent in continuous cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- continuous cottone0
- Interactor
- VerticilliumVerticilliume0pathogen
- Outcome
- Verticillium wilte0
- Direction
- more prevalente0
- Comparator
- cotton following other cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Verticillium wilt was more prevalent in the continuous cotton than in the cotton following other crops.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wilt was more prevalent on nitrogen-fertilized plots.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Treatment
- N‐fertilized subplotse0
- Interactor
- VerticilliumVerticilliume1pathogen
- Outcome
- Wilte0
- Direction
- more prevalente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wilt was also more prevalent on the N‐fertilized subplots.”
e1“Verticillium wilt was more prevalent in the continuous cotton”
e2“Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the major cash commodity”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous cotton hindered early season growth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Growing continuous cottone0
- Outcome
- early season growthe0
- Direction
- hinderede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growing continuous cotton lowered the yields, hindered early season growth, and increased Verticillium wilt.”
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