Abstract
Annual additions of green rye, straw, alfalfa, leaves, peat, muck and manure to a sand and a clay soil for 20 years tended to increase the mean yields of the crops grown in the field. This positive effect of the organic amendments on yield was confirmed in a greenhouse experiment with oats, which were grown in samples obtained at the end of the experimental period. Additions of straw, alfalfa, leaves and manure had the greatest effect on yield and on uptake of N and P by the oats.A comparison of the amended and untreated samples at the end of the experiment showed that the amendments usually increased the total C and N slightly, nitrate production capacity, exchange capacity, exchangeable and water-soluble Ca, Mg and K, and phosphatase enzyme activity of the soils, whereas their effect on soil P was less consistent. In most instances, the amendments increased the aggregate stability of the clay soil.Of the N fractions investigated, only the nitrate N released during a two-week incubation period was correlated significantly with yield and N uptake in the greenhouse experiment. These yield parameters and the amounts of nitrate N produced were not related significantly to total, hexosamine, NH 4 or amino acid N forms or to individual amino acids in the soils.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Annual additions of organic materials for 20 years tended to increase mean crop yields in the field.
- Taxon
- cropse1
- Treatment
- Annual additions of green rye, straw, alfalfa, leaves, peat, muck and manuree1
- Outcome
- mean yieldse1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Qualifier
- tended toe1
- Setting
- in the fielde1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Annual additions of green rye, straw, alfalfa, leaves, peat, muck and manure to a sand and a clay soil for 20 years tended to increase the mean yields of the crops grown in the field”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic amendments had a positive effect on oat yield in a greenhouse experiment.
- Taxon
- oats
Avena sativae1 - Treatment
- organic amendmentse1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- positive effecte1
- Setting
- greenhouse experimente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“This positive effect of the organic amendments on yield was confirmed in a greenhouse experiment with oats”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw, alfalfa, leaves and manure additions had the greatest effect on oat yield and on N and P uptake.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativae1
- Treatment
- Additions of straw, alfalfa, leaves and manuree1
- Outcome
- yield and on uptake of N and Pe1
- Direction
- greateste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Additions of straw, alfalfa, leaves and manure had the greatest effect on yield and on uptake of N and P by the oats”
Claim · model-written summary
Amendments usually increased total C and N in the soil slightly compared with untreated samples.
- Treatment
- amendmentse1
- Outcome
- total C and Ne1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- usuallye1
- Comparator
- untreated samplese1
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“A comparison of the amended and untreated samples at the end of the experiment showed that the amendments usually increased the total C and N slightly, nitrate production capacity, exchange capacity, exchangeable and water-soluble Ca, Mg and K, and phosphatase enzyme activity of the soils, whereas their effect on soil P was less consistent”
Claim · model-written summary
Amendments usually increased nitrate production capacity and exchange capacity of the soils.
- Treatment
- amendmentse1
- Outcome
- nitrate production capacity, exchange capacitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- usuallye1
- Comparator
- untreated samplese1
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“A comparison of the amended and untreated samples at the end of the experiment showed that the amendments usually increased the total C and N slightly, nitrate production capacity, exchange capacity, exchangeable and water-soluble Ca, Mg and K, and phosphatase enzyme activity of the soils, whereas their effect on soil P was less consistent”
Claim · model-written summary
Amendments usually increased exchangeable and water-soluble Ca, Mg and K in the soils.
- Treatment
- amendmentse1
- Outcome
- exchangeable and water-soluble Ca, Mg and Ke1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- usuallye1
- Comparator
- untreated samplese1
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“A comparison of the amended and untreated samples at the end of the experiment showed that the amendments usually increased the total C and N slightly, nitrate production capacity, exchange capacity, exchangeable and water-soluble Ca, Mg and K, and phosphatase enzyme activity of the soils, whereas their effect on soil P was less consistent”
Claim · model-written summary
Amendments usually increased phosphatase enzyme activity of the soils.
- Treatment
- amendmentse1
- Outcome
- phosphatase enzyme activitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- usuallye1
- Comparator
- untreated samplese1
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“A comparison of the amended and untreated samples at the end of the experiment showed that the amendments usually increased the total C and N slightly, nitrate production capacity, exchange capacity, exchangeable and water-soluble Ca, Mg and K, and phosphatase enzyme activity of the soils, whereas their effect on soil P was less consistent”
Claim · model-written summary
Effect of amendments on soil P was less consistent than on the other soil properties.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“A comparison of the amended and untreated samples at the end of the experiment showed that the amendments usually increased the total C and N slightly, nitrate production capacity, exchange capacity, exchangeable and water-soluble Ca, Mg and K, and phosphatase enzyme activity of the soils, whereas their effect on soil P was less consistent”
Claim · model-written summary
In most instances, amendments increased the aggregate stability of the clay soil.
- Treatment
- the amendmentse1
- Outcome
- aggregate stability of the clay soile1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- In most instancese1
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e1“In most instances, the amendments increased the aggregate stability of the clay soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Only the nitrate N released during a two-week incubation was significantly correlated with oat yield and N uptake in the greenhouse experiment.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativae2
- Compound
- nitrate Ne1
- Outcome
- yield and N uptakee1
- Setting
- greenhouse experimente1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“only the nitrate N released during a two-week incubation period was correlated significantly with yield and N uptake in the greenhouse experiment”
e2“This positive effect of the organic amendments on yield was confirmed in a greenhouse experiment with oats”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield parameters and the amounts of nitrate N produced were not significantly related to the total, hexosamine, NH 4 or amino acid N forms or to individual amino acids in the soils.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativae2
- Compound
- total, hexosamine, NH 4 or amino acid N formse1
- Outcome
- yield parameters and the amounts of nitrate N producede1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“These yield parameters and the amounts of nitrate N produced were not related significantly to total, hexosamine, NH 4 or amino acid N forms or to individual amino acids in the soils”
e2“This positive effect of the organic amendments on yield was confirmed in a greenhouse experiment with oats”
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