Abstract
Cyanamide is an allelochemical produced by hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.). Its phyotoxic effect on plant growth was examined on roots of onion (Allium cepa L.) bulbs. Water solution of cyanamide (2-10 mM) restricted growth of onion roots in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment of onion roots with cyanamide resulted in a decrease in root growth rate accompanied by a decrease in accumulation of fresh and dry weight. The inhibitory effect of cyanamide was reversed by its removal from the environment, but full recovery was observed only for tissue treated with this chemical at low concentration (2-6 mM). Cytological observations of root tip cells suggest that disturbances in cell division may explain the strong cyanamide allelopathic activity. Moreover, in cyanamide-treated onion the following changes were detected: reduction of mitotic cells, inhibition of proliferation of meristematic cells and cell cycle, and modifications of cytoskeleton arrangement.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Cyanamide restricted onion root growth in a dose-dependent manner.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepae0 - Treatment
- Water solution of cyanamide (2-10 mM)e1
- Outcome
- growth of onion rootse1
- Direction
- restrictede1
- Qualifier
- in a dose-dependent mannere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“roots of onion (Allium cepa L.) bulbs”
e1“Water solution of cyanamide (2-10 mM) restricted growth of onion roots in a dose-dependent manner”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyanamide decreased the root growth rate of onion.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae2
- Treatment
- cyanamidee2
- Outcome
- root growth ratee2
- Direction
- decreasee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Treatment of onion roots with cyanamide resulted in a decrease in root growth rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyanamide decreased the accumulation of fresh and dry weight of onion roots.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae2
- Treatment
- cyanamidee2
- Outcome
- accumulation of fresh and dry weighte3
- Direction
- decreasee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Treatment of onion roots with cyanamide resulted in a decrease in root growth rate”
e3“accompanied by a decrease in accumulation of fresh and dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Removal of cyanamide from the environment reversed its inhibitory effect on onion roots.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- its removal from the environmente4
- Outcome
- inhibitory effect of cyanamidee4
- Direction
- reversede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“roots of onion (Allium cepa L.) bulbs”
e4“The inhibitory effect of cyanamide was reversed by its removal from the environment”
Claim · model-written summary
Full recovery of onion roots was observed only after treatment with cyanamide at low concentration (2-6 mM).
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- low concentration (2-6 mM)e5
- Outcome
- full recoverye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“roots of onion (Allium cepa L.) bulbs”
e5“full recovery was observed only for tissue treated with this chemical at low concentration (2-6 mM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Disturbances in cell division may explain the allelopathic activity of cyanamide on onion.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Outcome
- allelopathic activitye6
- Qualifier
- disturbances in cell divisione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“roots of onion (Allium cepa L.) bulbs”
e6“disturbances in cell division may explain the strong cyanamide allelopathic activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyanamide reduced the number of mitotic cells in onion roots.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae7
- Treatment
- cyanamidee7
- Outcome
- mitotic cellse7
- Direction
- reductione7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“in cyanamide-treated onion the following changes were detected: reduction of mitotic cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyanamide inhibited proliferation of meristematic cells and the cell cycle in onion roots.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- cyanamidee0
- Outcome
- proliferation of meristematic cells and cell cyclee1
- Direction
- inhibitione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in cyanamide-treated onion the following changes were detected: reduction of mitotic cells”
e1“inhibition of proliferation of meristematic cells and cell cycle”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyanamide modified the cytoskeleton arrangement in onion roots.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- cyanamidee0
- Outcome
- cytoskeleton arrangemente1
- Direction
- modificationse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in cyanamide-treated onion the following changes were detected: reduction of mitotic cells”
e1“modifications of cytoskeleton arrangement”