Abstract
Abstract A 2‐year field study was conducted to determine how total grain yield per unit of land area could be maximized by intercropping sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and soybeans ( Glyycine max (L.) Merrill). These two species are being intercropped more frequently through‐out the world to increase protein yield per unit of area and utilize available moisture. Grain yields, yield components, and relative yields were analyzed. Two sorghum cultivars, grain type ‘DeKalb BR‐44’ (semi‐dwarf) and dual purpose ‘DeKalb FS‐16’ (tall), were intercropped with soybean cultivars ‘Calland’ (Group III) (constant plant density) at 16 sorghum population densities, ranging from 1.38 to 33 plants/m 2 . The soil was a Flanagan series, a fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Aquic Argiudoll. Intercropping changed the response patterns of sorghum yield components as plant population changed and reduced yields of FS‐16 and BR‐44 by 14 and 74%, respectively. Sorghum yield components were reduced more in mixtures of BR‐44 than in mixtures of FS‐16; with number of heads per plant being the most affected. Intercropping also reduced the compensatory alterations in sorghum yield components as population changed. In mixtures, tillering ability and population density were the main determinants of grain yield. Highest yields in monoculture were obtained at densities higher than 25 plants/m 2 for FS‐16. and between 12 and 15 plants/m 2 for BR‐44. Grain yields of both sorghum cultivars increased linearly with increases in plant population in the mixture. lntercropping soybeans with FS‐16 and BR‐44 reduced soybean yields by 75 and 17%, respectively; primarily due to reduced pod number. Relative yield curves indicated that the highest relative yield totals might be obtained by planting soybeans 5 cm apart between rows of sorghum planted at a density of 5 plants/m 2 at a spacing of 74 ✕ 74 cm.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping reduced FS-16 sorghum yield by 14%.
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping changed the response patterns of sorghum yield components as plant population changed and reduced yields of FS‐16 and BR‐44 by 14 and 74%, respectively.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping reduced BR-44 sorghum yield by 74%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping changed the response patterns of sorghum yield components as plant population changed and reduced yields of FS‐16 and BR‐44 by 14 and 74%, respectively.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping changed sorghum yield-component response to population.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping changed the response patterns of sorghum yield components as plant population changed”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
BR-44 mixtures had greater yield-component reductions than FS-16 mixtures, especially heads per plant.
- Material
- BR‐44e0
- Outcome
- yield componentse0
- Direction
- reduced moree0
- Qualifier
- number of heads per plante0
- Comparator
- FS‐16e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sorghum yield components were reduced more in mixtures of BR‐44 than in mixtures of FS‐16; with number of heads per plant being the most affected.”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping reduced compensation of sorghum yield components across populations.
- Treatment
- Intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- compensatory alterations in sorghum yield componentse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping also reduced the compensatory alterations in sorghum yield components as population changed.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillering and population density chiefly determined grain yield in mixtures.
Not reportedMaterialDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In mixtures, tillering ability and population density were the main determinants of grain yield.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
FS-16 monoculture yield peaked above 25 plants per square metre.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest yields in monoculture were obtained at densities higher than 25 plants/m 2 for FS‐16.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
BR-44 monoculture yield peaked at 12 to 15 plants per square metre.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest yields in monoculture were obtained at densities higher than 25 plants/m 2 for FS‐16. and between 12 and 15 plants/m 2 for BR‐44.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixture grain yield increased linearly with sorghum density for both cultivars.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields of both sorghum cultivars increased linearly with increases in plant population in the mixture.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping soybeans with FS-16 reduced soybean yield by 75%.
- Taxon
- soybeans
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- lntercropping soybeans with FS‐16e0
- Outcome
- soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 75e0
- Qualifier
- reduced pod numbere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lntercropping soybeans with FS‐16 and BR‐44 reduced soybean yields by 75 and 17%, respectively; primarily due to reduced pod number.”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping soybeans with BR-44 reduced soybean yield by 17%.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- BR‐44e0
- Outcome
- soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 17%e0
- Qualifier
- reduced pod numbere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lntercropping soybeans with FS‐16 and BR‐44 reduced soybean yields by 75 and 17%, respectively; primarily due to reduced pod number.”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative yield curves favored soybean spacing of 5 cm with sorghum at 5 plants per square metre.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- planting soybeans 5 cm apart between rows of sorghume0
- Qualifier
- 5 plants/m 2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest relative yield totals might be obtained by planting soybeans 5 cm apart between rows of sorghum planted at a density of 5 plants/m 2 at a spacing of 74 ✕ 74 cm.”
The same questions in other papers
intercropping · yield · SorghumResults differ
46 papers in the same direction as this paper · 118 in the opposite direction
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