Abstract
Abstract The purpose of this research was to evaluate the combined effect of irrigation, K fertilizer, and harvest management variables on the production of multi‐disease‐resistant, winterhardy alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) cultivars. A field experiment was conducted on a sandy, mixed Udic Haploboroll to determine the effects of three irrigation regimes, three harvest managements, and four annual K rates (0, 167, 334, and 501 kg ha− 1 ) on forage yield, forage quality, and persistence of‘Ramsey’ and ‘520’ alfalfa. No, full, and medium irrigation treatments were applied. Both full and medium irrigation regimes applied 3.5 cm of water when 50% of the extractable soil water had been depleted, but the medium irrigation was less frequent. Harvest managements consisted of: two harvests at full flower and one in late fall (HI), three harvests at one‐tenth flower and one in late fall (H2), and three harvests at one‐tenth flower (H3). Forage dry matter yield response to K increased with increasing irrigation, from 0.0033 Mg ha −1 kg −1 K in nonirrigated to 0.0058 Mg ha −1 kg −1 K in fully irrigated alfalfa. Yield response to K was similar for harvest managements within no and medium irrigation regimes, but for the full irrigation regime, yield increased 0.0071 Mg ha −1 kg −1 K with harvest at one‐tenth flower, and only 0.0031 Mg ha −1 kg −1 K with harvest at full flower. Following a severe winter after 2 yr of harvesting, the greatest stand and yield losses occurred with full irrigation and the most intensive (four‐cut) harvest management. Mean final stands in the four‐cut management were 19, 39, and 74% for full, medium, and nonirrigated alfalfas, respectively. Stand persistence and residual yield were increased by K fertilization under more frequent (one‐tenth flower) harvest of irrigated alfalfa. Cultivars did not consistently differ in yield in two production years, but the less winterhardy 520 had greater final stands than Ramsey. Potassium fertilization is beneficial to yield and stand of alfalfa, although the response varies with irrigation and harvest management.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa dry matter yield response to potassium rose with irrigation, from 0.0033 without irrigation to 0.0058 under full irrigation.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativat0 - Treatment
- increasing irrigatione0
- Outcome
- Forage dry matter yield response to Ke0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.0033 Mg ha −1 kg −1 Ke0
- Qualifier
- 0.0058 Mg ha −1 kg −1 Ke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage dry matter yield response to K increased with increasing irrigation, from 0.0033 Mg ha −1 kg −1 K in nonirrigated to 0.0058 Mg ha −1 kg −1 K in fully irrigated alfalfa.”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Under full irrigation, potassium yield response was greater with one-tenth-flower harvest than full-flower harvest.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- harvest at one‐tenth flowere0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.0071 Mg ha −1 kg −1 Ke0
- Qualifier
- 0.0031 Mg ha −1 kg −1 Ke0
- Comparator
- harvest at full flowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for the full irrigation regime, yield increased 0.0071 Mg ha −1 kg −1 K with harvest at one‐tenth flower, and only 0.0031 Mg ha −1 kg −1 K with harvest at full flower.”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Following a severe winter, full irrigation and four-cut harvest produced the greatest stand and yield losses.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- full irrigation and the most intensive (four‐cut) harvest managemente0
- Outcome
- stand and yield lossese0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Qualifier
- Following a severe winter after 2 yr of harvestinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Following a severe winter after 2 yr of harvesting, the greatest stand and yield losses occurred with full irrigation and the most intensive (four‐cut) harvest management.”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Four-cut alfalfa stands averaged 19%, 39%, and 74% under full, medium, and no irrigation, respectively.
- Taxon
- alfalfasMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- fulle0
- Outcome
- Mean final standse0
- Value
- 19, 39, and 74%e0
- Comparator
- medium, and nonirrigatede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean final stands in the four‐cut management were 19, 39, and 74% for full, medium, and nonirrigated alfalfas, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium increased stand persistence and residual yield under frequent harvest of irrigated alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- K fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- Stand persistence and residual yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under more frequent (one‐tenth flower) harvest of irrigated alfalfae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stand persistence and residual yield were increased by K fertilization under more frequent (one‐tenth flower) harvest of irrigated alfalfa.”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
The two cultivars did not consistently differ in yield across two production years.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- did not consistently differe0
- Qualifier
- in two production yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cultivars did not consistently differ in yield in two production years”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar 520 had greater final stands than Ramsey.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the less winterhardy 520 had greater final stands than Ramsey.”
t0“Alfalfa”
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