Abstract
A field study was conducted to determine the effect of varying N and Cl − rates on the yield and chemical composition of burley tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Ky-14) leaves and smoke. Nitrate and total N concentrations in leaf were markedly increased when N fertilizer rates were increased and were inversely related to the amount of Cl − applied. Increasing the Cl − rate from 0 to 224 kg Cl − /ha resulted in a 25% reduction in NO 3 − concentration. Chloride concentrations of the cured leaves were increased nearly 15-fold by increasing rates of Cl − . Increasing the N rate resulted in a reduction in Cl − concentrations at each Cl − level. Increasing chloride additions did not markedly influence yield. Results indicate that nitrate and total-N concentrations in the cured leaves can be significantly lowered by applying proper amounts of elements, such as Cl − , without a reduction in yield. Nitrogen fertilization increased concentrations of nicotine slightly, decreased total phenols, and greatly increased nitric oxide (NO) concentration in cigarette smoke. In contrast, Cl − fertilization resulted in decreased concentrations of the nitrogenous constituents, increased TPM and total phenol, and had small effects on the level of NO in cigarette smoke.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing N fertilizer raised leaf nitrate and total N concentrations.
- Taxon
- burley tobaccot0
- Treatment
- N fertilizer ratese0
- Outcome
- Nitrate and total N concentrations in leafe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Nitrate and total N concentrations in leaf were markedly increased when N fertilizer rates were increased”
t0“burley tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf nitrate and total N concentrations were inversely related to chloride applied.
Verbatim
e0“were inversely related to the amount of Cl − applied”
e1“Nitrate and total N concentrations in leaf”
t0“burley tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing chloride from 0 to 224 kg Cl − /ha reduced leaf nitrate concentration by 25%.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the Cl − rate from 0 to 224 kg Cl − /ha resulted in a 25% reduction in NO 3 − concentration”
t0“burley tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher chloride rates increased cured leaf chloride nearly 15-fold.
- Taxon
- burley tobaccot0
- Treatment
- increasing rates of Cl −e0
- Outcome
- Chloride concentrations of the cured leavese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- nearly 15-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Chloride concentrations of the cured leaves were increased nearly 15-fold by increasing rates of Cl −”
t0“burley tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing N reduced leaf chloride concentrations at each chloride level.
- Taxon
- burley tobaccot0
- Treatment
- Increasing the N ratee0
- Outcome
- Cl − concentrationse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- at each Cl − levele0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the N rate resulted in a reduction in Cl − concentrations at each Cl − level”
t0“burley tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing chloride additions did not markedly change yield.
- Taxon
- burley tobaccot0
- Treatment
- Increasing chloride additionse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- did not markedly influencee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Increasing chloride additions did not markedly influence yield”
t0“burley tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization slightly increased nicotine concentrations.
- Taxon
- burley tobaccot0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- concentrations of nicotinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilization increased concentrations of nicotine slightly”
t0“burley tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization decreased total phenols.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“decreased total phenols”
t0“burley tobacco”
e1“Nitrogen fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization greatly increased nitric oxide in cigarette smoke.
- Taxon
- burley tobaccot0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilizatione1
- Outcome
- nitric oxide (NO) concentration in cigarette smokee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“greatly increased nitric oxide (NO) concentration in cigarette smoke”
t0“burley tobacco”
e1“Nitrogen fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloride fertilization decreased nitrogenous constituents.
- Taxon
- burley tobaccot0
- Treatment
- Cl − fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- concentrations of the nitrogenous constituentse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Cl − fertilization resulted in decreased concentrations of the nitrogenous constituents”
t0“burley tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloride fertilization increased TPM and total phenol.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“increased TPM and total phenol”
t0“burley tobacco”
e1“Cl − fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloride fertilization had small effects on nitric oxide in cigarette smoke.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“had small effects on the level of NO in cigarette smoke”
t0“burley tobacco”
e1“Cl − fertilization”
The same questions in other papers
chloride · yield · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results differ
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.