Abstract
The pollen brush commonly is referred to as a “bearded” or “pubescent” style in taxonomic literature and traditionally is taken to be an aggregation of trichomes on the distal end of the style, and occasionally including the stigma. We present data that support the taxonomic utility of the pollen brush but define it more specifically as a dense aggregation of erect trichomes emanating from the style (not stigma or ovary) and functioning in secondary pollen presentation. We recommend avoiding such vague terminology as bearded or pubescent styles as these refer not only to the pollen brush but also to ciliate and penicillate stigmas and ciliate styles. The latter three conditions have some taxonomic use, and since their occurrence is not necessarily correlated with the presence of a pollen brush, they should be distinguished from it. We estimate that the pollen brush has arisen independently in the following eight taxa: 1) Crotalaria and Bolusia (Crotalaraieae), 2) subtribe Coluteinae (Galegeae), 3) Tephrosia subgenus Barbistyla (Millettieae), 4) Adenodolichos (Phaseoleae subtribe Cajaninae), 5) Clitoria (Phaseoleae subtribe Clitoriinae), 6) the subtribe Phaseolinae (Phaseoleae), 7) the Robinia group (Robinieae), and 8) the tribe Vicieae. Its hypothesized homology within each of these groups is supported by a cooccurrence with other taxonomic characters, both morphological and molecular.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
The pollen brush is a dense aggregation of erect trichomes arising from the style and functioning in secondary pollen presentation.
- Taxon
- PAPILIONOIDEAEPapilionoideaet0
- Organ / stage
- stylee0
- Outcome
- dense aggregation of erect trichomes emanating from the stylee0
Verbatim
e0“a dense aggregation of erect trichomes emanating from the style (not stigma or ovary) and functioning in secondary pollen presentation.”
t0“PAPILIONOIDEAE”
Claim · model-written summary
The pollen brush has taxonomic utility.
- Taxon
- PAPILIONOIDEAEPapilionoideaet0
- Outcome
- taxonomic utility of the pollen brushe0
Verbatim
e0“We present data that support the taxonomic utility of the pollen brush”
t0“PAPILIONOIDEAE”
Claim · model-written summary
Ciliate and penicillate stigmas and ciliate styles have some taxonomic use independent of the pollen brush.
- Taxon
- PAPILIONOIDEAEPapilionoideaet0
- Organ / stage
- stigmas and ciliate stylese1
- Outcome
- some taxonomic usee0
- Qualifier
- not necessarily correlated with the presence of a pollen brushe0
Verbatim
e0“The latter three conditions have some taxonomic use, and since their occurrence is not necessarily correlated with the presence of a pollen brush, they should be distinguished from it.”
e1“ciliate and penicillate stigmas and ciliate styles”
t0“PAPILIONOIDEAE”
Claim · model-written summary
The pollen brush is estimated to have arisen independently in eight listed papilionoid taxa.
- Taxon
- PAPILIONOIDEAEPapilionoideaet0
- Outcome
- pollen brush has arisen independentlye0
- Value
- eight taxae0
Verbatim
e0“We estimate that the pollen brush has arisen independently in the following eight taxa: 1) Crotalaria and Bolusia (Crotalaraieae), 2) subtribe Coluteinae (Galegeae), 3) Tephrosia subgenus Barbistyla (Millettieae), 4) Adenodolichos (Phaseoleae subtribe Cajaninae), 5) Clitoria (Phaseoleae subtribe Clitoriinae), 6) the subtribe Phaseolinae (Phaseoleae), 7) the Robinia group (Robinieae), and 8) the tribe Vicieae.”
t0“PAPILIONOIDEAE”
Claim · model-written summary
Morphological and molecular character cooccurrence supports pollen-brush homology within the listed groups.
- Taxon
- PAPILIONOIDEAEPapilionoideaet0
- Outcome
- hypothesized homologye0
- Qualifier
- cooccurrence with other taxonomic characters, both morphological and moleculare0
Not reportedOrgan / stageDirection
Verbatim
e0“Its hypothesized homology within each of these groups is supported by a cooccurrence with other taxonomic characters, both morphological and molecular.”
t0“PAPILIONOIDEAE”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend avoiding the vague terms bearded and pubescent styles.
- Taxon
- PAPILIONOIDEAEPapilionoideaet0
- Outcome
- avoiding such vague terminology as bearded or pubescent stylese0
Verbatim
e0“We recommend avoiding such vague terminology as bearded or pubescent styles as these refer not only to the pollen brush but also to ciliate and penicillate stigmas and ciliate styles.”
t0“PAPILIONOIDEAE”