Abstract
Medicago sativa L. (Alfalfa) is an important forage crop legume in Saudi Arabia due to its high nutritive value and yield. Soil bacteria exist in root or root-nodules of Medicago sativa in either symbiotic relationships or in associations. In the current study, the endophytic bacterium Bacillus megaterium BMN1 was isolated from surface-sterilized root-nodules of Medicago sativa and characterized phenotypically and genotypically. The results indicated that BMN1 consumed a variety of sugars as sole carbon source, and produced catalase and amylase but not urease. BMN1 exhibited some plant growth-promoting traits, such as production of indole acetic acid and acetoin, and solublization of inorganic phosphate. In addition, comparative sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that BMN1 exhibited 99 % homology with Bacillus megaterium. In addition, BMN1 could not nodulate alfalfa when re-inoculated but the strain enhanced root growth parameters compared to uninoculated plants. Co-inoculation of BMN1with Sinorhizobium meliloti increased not only the number of nodules formed on roots of alfalfa but also root length and root dry weight under greenhouse conditions. Furthermore, the effects BMN1 inoculation on the growth of Lens esculentus, Phaseolus vulgaris and Pisum sativum were also assessed. The length of the primary root, number of secondary roots and dry weight of roots of the three crop legumes were significantly increased upon inoculation by Bacillus megaterium compared to uninoculated control plants. In conclusion, BMN1 belongs to the group of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and could have significant agricultural applications.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Endophytic BMN1 showed plant growth-promoting traits, including indole acetic acid production and inorganic phosphate solubilization.
- Taxon
- Medicago sativa
Medicago sativae0 - Interactor
- BMN1e1symbiont
- Outcome
- plant growth-promoting traitse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isolated from surface-sterilized root-nodules of Medicago sativa”
e1“BMN1 exhibited some plant growth-promoting traits, such as production of indole acetic acid and acetoin, and solublization of inorganic phosphate”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation of BMN1 with Sinorhizobium meliloti increased the number of nodules on alfalfa roots.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae2
- Treatment
- Co-inoculation of BMN1with Sinorhizobium melilotie2
- Interactor
- Sinorhizobium meliloti
Sinorhizobium melilotie2symbiont - Second interactor
- BMN1e2symbiont
- Outcome
- number of nodulese2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Co-inoculation of BMN1with Sinorhizobium meliloti increased not only the number of nodules formed on roots of alfalfa”
e3“but also root length and root dry weight under greenhouse conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation of BMN1 with Sinorhizobium meliloti increased root length and root dry weight of alfalfa under greenhouse conditions.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae2
- Treatment
- Co-inoculation of BMN1with Sinorhizobium melilotie2
- Interactor
- Sinorhizobium melilotiSinorhizobium melilotie2symbiont
- Second interactor
- BMN1e2symbiont
- Outcome
- root length and root dry weighte3
- Direction
- increasede2
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Co-inoculation of BMN1with Sinorhizobium meliloti increased not only the number of nodules formed on roots of alfalfa”
e3“but also root length and root dry weight under greenhouse conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Re-inoculated BMN1 enhanced root growth parameters of alfalfa compared with uninoculated plants.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae4
- Treatment
- re-inoculatede4
- Interactor
- BMN1e4symbiont
- Outcome
- root growth parameterse4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Comparator
- uninoculated plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“BMN1 could not nodulate alfalfa when re-inoculated but the strain enhanced root growth parameters compared to uninoculated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with Bacillus megaterium significantly increased the primary root length of three crop legumes.
- Taxon
- crop legumese5
- Treatment
- inoculation by Bacillus megateriume5
- Interactor
- Bacillus megaterium
Priestia megateriume5symbiont - Outcome
- length of the primary roote5
- Direction
- significantly increasede5
- Comparator
- uninoculated control plantse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The length of the primary root, number of secondary roots and dry weight of roots of the three crop legumes were significantly increased upon inoculation by Bacillus megaterium compared to uninoculated control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
BMN1 could not nodulate alfalfa when re-inoculated.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae4
- Interactor
- BMN1e4symbiont
- Outcome
- nodulatee4
- Qualifier
- when re-inoculatede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“BMN1 could not nodulate alfalfa when re-inoculated but the strain enhanced root growth parameters compared to uninoculated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
BMN1 consumed a variety of sugars and produced catalase and amylase but not urease.
- Taxon
- Medicago sativaMedicago sativae0
- Interactor
- BMN1e6symbiont
- Outcome
- produced catalase and amylasee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isolated from surface-sterilized root-nodules of Medicago sativa”
e6“BMN1 consumed a variety of sugars as sole carbon source, and produced catalase and amylase but not urease”
Claim · model-written summary
The 16S rRNA gene of BMN1 showed 99% homology with Bacillus megaterium.
- Taxon
- Medicago sativaMedicago sativae0
- Interactor
- BMN1e7symbiont
- Outcome
- homology with Bacillus megateriume7
- Value
- 99 %e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isolated from surface-sterilized root-nodules of Medicago sativa”
e7“comparative sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that BMN1 exhibited 99 % homology with Bacillus megaterium”
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