Abstract
The occurrence of fungi associated with root rot and vine decline of melon (Cucumis melo) in commercial fields in California was surveyed over 3 years. The fungi most frequently isolated from discolored vascular tissue or root rot were Acremonium cucurbitacearum, Rhizopycnis vagum, Monosporascus cannonballus, Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Pythium spp., and Verticillium dahliae. The frequency of isolation of the various fungi varied with root symptomology. Pythium spp., and M. phaseolina were frequently associated with a wet, brownish root rot, while A. cucurbitacearum, R. vagum, and Rhizoctonia solani were generally associated with a dry, corky root rot. Presence of Monosporascus cannonballus was associated both with a wet, brownish rot as well as with discrete, reddish, corky lesions. The frequency of isolation of a given pathogen varied with geographic location, with M. cannonballus present only in the southern production areas, while A. cucurbitacearum and Rhizopycnis vagum were most common in the northern production areas. In pathogenicity tests in field microplots, M. cannonballus caused vine collapse and severe root rot of cantaloupe, reducing root length density by 93%. California isolates of R. vagum and A. cucurbitacearum, although only weakly pathogenic in field microplots, caused root discoloration and reduced vine growth in greenhouse tests. Reduction in dry weight of greenhouse-grown cantaloupe was 40, 23, and 39% for R. vagum, A. cucurbitacearum, and M. cannonballus, respectively.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Seven fungi were frequently isolated from diseased melon tissues.
- Taxon
- melon
.jpg?width=60)
Cucumis melot0 - Organ / stage
- vascular tissue or root rote0
- Outcome
- most frequently isolatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The fungi most frequently isolated from discolored vascular tissue or root rot were Acremonium cucurbitacearum, Rhizopycnis vagum, Monosporascus cannonballus, Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Pythium spp., and Verticillium dahliae.”
t0“melon”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal isolation frequency varied with melon root symptoms.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis melot0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- frequency of isolatione0
- Direction
- variede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The frequency of isolation of the various fungi varied with root symptomology.”
t0“melon”
Claim · model-written summary
Pythium spp. was frequently linked to wet brownish melon root rot.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis melot0
- Outcome
- wet, brownish root rote0
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
PythiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Pythium spp., and M. phaseolina were frequently associated with a wet, brownish root rot”
t0“melon”
Claim · model-written summary
M. phaseolina was frequently linked to wet brownish melon root rot.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis melot0
- Interactor
- M. phaseolina
Macrophomina phaseolinae0pathogen - Outcome
- wet, brownish root rote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pythium spp., and M. phaseolina were frequently associated with a wet, brownish root rot”
t0“melon”
Claim · model-written summary
A. cucurbitacearum was generally linked to dry corky melon root rot.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis melot0
- Interactor
- A. cucurbitacearum[Acremonium] cucurbitacearume0pathogen
- Outcome
- dry, corky root rote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. cucurbitacearum, R. vagum, and Rhizoctonia solani were generally associated with a dry, corky root rot.”
t0“melon”
Claim · model-written summary
R. vagum was generally linked to dry corky melon root rot.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis melot0
- Interactor
- R. vagumAcrocalymma vagume0pathogen
- Outcome
- dry, corky root rote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. cucurbitacearum, R. vagum, and Rhizoctonia solani were generally associated with a dry, corky root rot.”
t0“melon”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizoctonia solani was generally linked to dry corky melon root rot.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis melot0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solani
Rhizoctonia solanie0pathogen - Outcome
- dry, corky root rote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. cucurbitacearum, R. vagum, and Rhizoctonia solani were generally associated with a dry, corky root rot.”
t0“melon”
Claim · model-written summary
M. cannonballus occurred with wet rot and reddish corky lesions.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis melot0
- Interactor
- Monosporascus cannonballusMonosporascus cannonballuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- wet, brownish rot as well as with discrete, reddish, corky lesionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Presence of Monosporascus cannonballus was associated both with a wet, brownish rot as well as with discrete, reddish, corky lesions.”
t0“melon”
Claim · model-written summary
M. cannonballus was present only in southern production areas.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis melot0
- Interactor
- M. cannonballusMonosporascus cannonballuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- present onlye0
- Setting
- southern production arease0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“M. cannonballus present only in the southern production areas”
t0“melon”
Claim · model-written summary
A. cucurbitacearum was most common in northern production areas.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis melot0
- Interactor
- A. cucurbitacearum[Acremonium] cucurbitacearume0pathogen
- Outcome
- most commone0
- Setting
- northern production arease0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. cucurbitacearum and Rhizopycnis vagum were most common in the northern production areas.”
t0“melon”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizopycnis vagum was most common in northern production areas.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis melot0
- Interactor
- Rhizopycnis vagumAcrocalymma vagume0pathogen
- Outcome
- most commone0
- Setting
- northern production arease0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. cucurbitacearum and Rhizopycnis vagum were most common in the northern production areas.”
t0“melon”
Claim · model-written summary
M. cannonballus caused cantaloupe vine collapse and severe root rot in field microplots.
- Taxon
- cantaloupe
Cucumis melo var. cantalupoe0 - Interactor
- M. cannonballusMonosporascus cannonballuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- vine collapse and severe root rote0
- Setting
- field microplotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In pathogenicity tests in field microplots, M. cannonballus caused vine collapse and severe root rot of cantaloupe, reducing root length density by 93%.”
Claim · model-written summary
M. cannonballus reduced cantaloupe root length density by 93%.
- Taxon
- cantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupoe0
- Interactor
- M. cannonballusMonosporascus cannonballuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- root length densitye0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Value
- 93%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“M. cannonballus caused vine collapse and severe root rot of cantaloupe, reducing root length density by 93%.”
Claim · model-written summary
R. vagum caused root discoloration and reduced vine growth in greenhouse tests.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis melot0
- Interactor
- R. vagumAcrocalymma vagume0pathogen
- Outcome
- root discoloration and reduced vine growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Setting
- greenhouse testse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“California isolates of R. vagum and A. cucurbitacearum, although only weakly pathogenic in field microplots, caused root discoloration and reduced vine growth in greenhouse tests.”
t0“melon”
Claim · model-written summary
A. cucurbitacearum caused root discoloration and reduced vine growth in greenhouse tests.
- Taxon
- melonCucumis melot0
- Interactor
- A. cucurbitacearum[Acremonium] cucurbitacearume0pathogen
- Outcome
- root discoloration and reduced vine growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Setting
- greenhouse testse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“California isolates of R. vagum and A. cucurbitacearum, although only weakly pathogenic in field microplots, caused root discoloration and reduced vine growth in greenhouse tests.”
t0“melon”
Claim · model-written summary
R. vagum reduced greenhouse cantaloupe dry weight by 40%.
- Taxon
- cantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupoe0
- Interactor
- R. vagumAcrocalymma vagume0pathogen
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- Reductione0
- Value
- 40e0
- Setting
- greenhouse-growne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduction in dry weight of greenhouse-grown cantaloupe was 40, 23, and 39% for R. vagum, A. cucurbitacearum, and M. cannonballus, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
A. cucurbitacearum reduced greenhouse cantaloupe dry weight by 23%.
- Taxon
- cantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupoe0
- Interactor
- A. cucurbitacearum[Acremonium] cucurbitacearume0pathogen
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- Reductione0
- Value
- 23e0
- Setting
- greenhouse-growne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduction in dry weight of greenhouse-grown cantaloupe was 40, 23, and 39% for R. vagum, A. cucurbitacearum, and M. cannonballus, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
M. cannonballus reduced greenhouse cantaloupe dry weight by 39%.
- Taxon
- cantaloupeCucumis melo var. cantalupoe0
- Interactor
- M. cannonballusMonosporascus cannonballuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- Reductione0
- Value
- 39%e0
- Setting
- greenhouse-growne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduction in dry weight of greenhouse-grown cantaloupe was 40, 23, and 39% for R. vagum, A. cucurbitacearum, and M. cannonballus, respectively.”