Abstract
This study examines the agronomic response, efficiency and profitability of fertilizer microdosing in maize. An experiment with the following treatments was conducted: control without fertilizer, microdosing treatments, with the rate of 27 + 27, 53 + 53 and 80 + 80 kg ha−1, and banding of fertilizer with 100 + 100 kg ha−1 of di ammonium phosphate (DAP) + urea, applied at planting and jointing, respectively. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The experiment was conducted during the 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 cropping seasons at Ziway, Melkassa and Hawassa in the semiarid central rift valley region of Ethiopia. Compared to the control, the fertilizer treatments had higher yield and fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) profitably. The 27 + 27 kg ha−1 fertilizer rate increased the grain yield by 19, 45 and 46% at Hawassa, Ziway and Melkassa, respectively, and it was equivalent to the higher rates. The value cost ratio (VCR) was highest with the lowest fertilizer rate, varying between seven and 11 in the treatment with 27 + 27 kg ha−1, but two and three in the banding treatment. Similarly, FUE was highest with the lowest fertilizer rate, varying between 23 and 34 kg kg−1 but 7 and 8 kg kg−1 in the banding treatment. The improved yield, FUE, VCR and gross margin in maize with microdosing at the 27 + 27 kg ha−1 of DAP + urea rate makes it low cost, low risk, high yielding and profitable. Therefore, application of this particular rate in maize may be an option for the marginal farmers in the region with similar socioeconomic and agroecological conditions.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer microdosing increased maize grain yield by 19% at Hawassa.
- Treatment
- 27 + 27 kg ha−1 fertilizer ratee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 19e0
- Setting
- Hawassae0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 27 + 27 kg ha−1 fertilizer rate increased the grain yield by 19, 45 and 46% at Hawassa, Ziway and Melkassa, respectively”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer microdosing increased maize grain yield by 45% at Ziway.
- Treatment
- 27 + 27 kg ha−1 fertilizer ratee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 45e0
- Setting
- Ziwaye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 27 + 27 kg ha−1 fertilizer rate increased the grain yield by 19, 45 and 46% at Hawassa, Ziway and Melkassa, respectively”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer microdosing increased maize grain yield by 46% at Melkassa.
- Treatment
- 27 + 27 kg ha−1 fertilizer ratee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 46%e0
- Setting
- Melkassae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 27 + 27 kg ha−1 fertilizer rate increased the grain yield by 19, 45 and 46% at Hawassa, Ziway and Melkassa, respectively”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer treatments increased maize yield and fertilizer use efficiency over the control.
- Treatment
- fertilizer treatmentse0
- Outcome
- yield and fertilizer use efficiency (FUE)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the control, the fertilizer treatments had higher yield and fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) profitably”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest fertilizer rate gave the highest value cost ratio, seven to 11 versus two to three under banding.
- Treatment
- 27 + 27 kg ha−1e0
- Outcome
- value cost ratio (VCR)e0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- seven and 11e0
- Qualifier
- two and threee0
- Comparator
- banding treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The value cost ratio (VCR) was highest with the lowest fertilizer rate, varying between seven and 11 in the treatment with 27 + 27 kg ha−1, but two and three in the banding treatment”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest fertilizer rate produced the highest fertilizer use efficiency, 23–34 versus 7–8 kg kg−1 under banding.
- Treatment
- lowest fertilizer ratee0
- Outcome
- FUEe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 23 and 34 kg kg−1e0
- Qualifier
- 7 and 8 kg kg−1e0
- Comparator
- banding treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FUE was highest with the lowest fertilizer rate, varying between 23 and 34 kg kg−1 but 7 and 8 kg kg−1 in the banding treatment”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Microdosing at 27 + 27 kg ha−1 improved maize gross margin.
- Treatment
- microdosing at the 27 + 27 kg ha−1 of DAP + urea ratee0
- Outcome
- gross margine0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The improved yield, FUE, VCR and gross margin in maize with microdosing at the 27 + 27 kg ha−1 of DAP + urea rate”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose the 27 + 27 kg ha−1 rate as an option for marginal farmers in similar regions.
- Outcome
- application of this particular ratee0
- Qualifier
- marginal farmers in the region with similar socioeconomic and agroecological conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of this particular rate in maize may be an option for the marginal farmers in the region with similar socioeconomic and agroecological conditions”
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