Abstract
SUMMARY Eighty‐one tomato crops were assessed for diseases in 1974 and 50 in 1975. The commonest fungus disease was Botrytis cinerea , which caused stem lesions in 90 and 66 per cent of the crops, leaf lesions in 84 and 98 per cent and fruit ghost spot in 94 and 94 per cent in the two years respectively. Benomyl tolerance was widespread in isolates of this pathogen, showing little decline in the two years in spite of the reduced use of benomyl and other similar fungicides in 1975. Fulvia fulva was severe in one crop in 1974 and in three in 1975; Didymella lycopersici was found in only one crop in 1974 and three in 1975. Tomato mosaic symptoms were seen in 73 and 66 per cent of crops in each year respectively. The use of an avirulent strain of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) for the purpose of cross‐protection decreased from 53 per cent in 1974 to 34 per cent in 1975. Nurseries with at least some TMV‐resistant cultivars increased from 51 per cent in 1974 to 64 per cent in 1975. TMV tomato Strain 1 was the most commonly identified strain. No new strains or tobacco forms were recorded. Root rots were extremely common and their severity was closely connected with pre‐planting soil treatment. Steam treatment gave the best control followed by methyl bromide and dazomet. The use of methyl bromide increased and the use of steam decreased in 1975. Verticillium wilt was found in 16 and 15 crops and fusarium wilt in two and three crops respectively in 1974 and 1975. Fungicides were used on 74 and 56 per cent of crops in 1974 and 1975 respectively, the decrease in 1975 being largely attributable to the decline in the use of benomyl.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Botrytis stem lesions occurred in 90% and 66% of crops in 1974 and 1975.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereae0pathogen - Outcome
- stem lesionse0
- Value
- 90 and 66 per cente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Botrytis cinerea , which caused stem lesions in 90 and 66 per cent of the crops”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Botrytis leaf lesions occurred in 84% and 98% of crops.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinereae1pathogen
- Outcome
- leaf lesionse0
- Value
- 84 and 98 per cente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf lesions in 84 and 98 per cent”
e1“Botrytis cinerea”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Botrytis fruit ghost spot occurred in 94% of crops in both years.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinereae1pathogen
- Outcome
- fruit ghost spote0
- Value
- 94 and 94 per cente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit ghost spot in 94 and 94 per cent”
e1“Botrytis cinerea”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Benomyl tolerance in Botrytis isolates was widespread and declined little.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinereae1pathogen
- Outcome
- Benomyl tolerancee0
- Direction
- little declinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Benomyl tolerance was widespread in isolates of this pathogen, showing little decline in the two years”
e1“Botrytis cinerea”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Fulvia fulva was severe in one crop in 1974 and three in 1975.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Fulvia fulva
Fulvia fulvae0pathogen - Outcome
- severee0
- Value
- one crop in 1974 and in three in 1975e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fulvia fulva was severe in one crop in 1974 and in three in 1975”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Didymella lycopersici occurred in one crop in 1974 and three in 1975.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Didymella lycopersiciBoeremia lycopersicie0pathogen
- Outcome
- was founde0
- Value
- one crop in 1974 and three in 1975e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Didymella lycopersici was found in only one crop in 1974 and three in 1975”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato mosaic symptoms occurred in 73% and 66% of crops.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- mosaic symptomse0
- Value
- 73 and 66 per cente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato mosaic symptoms were seen in 73 and 66 per cent of crops in each year respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Use of an avirulent TMV strain for cross-protection fell from 53% to 34%.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- tobacco mosaic virus
Tobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen - Outcome
- use of an avirulent strain of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 53 per cent in 1974 to 34 per cent in 1975e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of an avirulent strain of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) for the purpose of cross‐protection decreased from 53 per cent in 1974 to 34 per cent in 1975.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Nurseries with some TMV-resistant cultivars rose from 51% to 64%.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- Nurseries with at least some TMV‐resistant cultivarse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 51 per cent in 1974 to 64 per cent in 1975e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nurseries with at least some TMV‐resistant cultivars increased from 51 per cent in 1974 to 64 per cent in 1975.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
TMV tomato Strain 1 was the most commonly identified strain.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- most commonly identified straine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TMV tomato Strain 1 was the most commonly identified strain.”
Claim · model-written summary
No new TMV strains or tobacco forms were recorded.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse1pathogen
- Outcome
- No new strains or tobacco formse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No new strains or tobacco forms were recorded.”
e1“TMV tomato Strain 1”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Root rots were extremely common and severity was closely tied to pre-planting soil treatment.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- pre‐planting soil treatmente0
- Outcome
- Root rotse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root rots were extremely common and their severity was closely connected with pre‐planting soil treatment.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Steam controlled root rots best, followed by methyl bromide and dazomet.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Steam treatmente0
- Outcome
- best controle0
- Direction
- beste0
- Comparator
- methyl bromide and dazomete0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Steam treatment gave the best control followed by methyl bromide and dazomet.”
e1“Root rots were extremely common”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Methyl bromide use increased and steam use decreased in 1975.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- use of methyl bromidee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of methyl bromide increased and the use of steam decreased in 1975.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Verticillium wilt occurred in 16 and 15 crops across the two years.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- Verticillium wilte0
- Value
- 16 and 15 cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Verticillium wilt was found in 16 and 15 crops”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium wilt occurred in two and three crops across the two years.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- fusarium wilte0
- Value
- two and three cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fusarium wilt in two and three crops respectively in 1974 and 1975”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide use fell from 74% to 56% of crops between 1974 and 1975.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- Fungicides were usede0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 74 and 56 per cente0
- Qualifier
- decline in the use of benomyle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fungicides were used on 74 and 56 per cent of crops in 1974 and 1975 respectively, the decrease in 1975 being largely attributable to the decline in the use of benomyl.”
t0“Tomato”
The same questions in other papers
solarization · control · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
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1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.