Abstract
ABSTRACT Morphology and anatomy of the extinct angiosperm fruit, Porosia verrucosa (Lesqueruex) Hickey, are documented in detail based on various modes of preservation including molds, casts, and permineralizations from more than seventy localities in the late Cretaceous and Paleocene. The fruits are schizocarpic with paired unilocular, single-seeded mericarps seated on a prominent gynophore with an hypogynous perianth borne on a long pedicel. The most distinctive feature of these fruits is the regularly spaced cylindrical intrusions over the surface of the endocarp. These are interpreted to represent oil cavities similar to those common in the fruits of extant Rutaceae. The oldest known occurrences of P. verrucosa are from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian to Maastrichtian) of western North America, but the genus traversed Beringia and became widespread in the Paleocene both in Asia (Kazakhstan, Amur Region, and Koryak Highlands), and North America (Montana, North Dakota, Wyoming, Colorado, Oregon, Washington, Alberta, Saskatchewan). It extended to the late Paleocene in the Rocky Mountain and Great Plains region, and appears to have become extinct near the Paleocene-Eocene boundary.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Porosia verrucosa fruits have regularly spaced cylindrical intrusions over the endocarp surface.
Verbatim
e0“Morphology and anatomy of the extinct angiosperm fruit, Porosia verrucosa (Lesqueruex) Hickey, are documented in detail”
e1“The most distinctive feature of these fruits is the regularly spaced cylindrical intrusions over the surface of the endocarp”
Claim · model-written summary
The endocarp intrusions are interpreted as oil cavities similar to those of extant Rutaceae fruits.
Verbatim
e0“Morphology and anatomy of the extinct angiosperm fruit, Porosia verrucosa (Lesqueruex) Hickey, are documented in detail”
e2“These are interpreted to represent oil cavities similar to those common in the fruits of extant Rutaceae”
Claim · model-written summary
The oldest known occurrences of P. verrucosa are Late Cretaceous (Campanian to Maastrichtian) in western North America.
Verbatim
e3“The oldest known occurrences of P. verrucosa are from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian to Maastrichtian) of western North America”
Claim · model-written summary
The genus traversed Beringia and became widespread in the Paleocene in Asia and North America.
Verbatim
t0“phytogeographic history of Porosia Hickey”
e4“the genus traversed Beringia and became widespread in the Paleocene both in Asia (Kazakhstan, Amur Region, and Koryak Highlands), and North America (Montana, North Dakota, Wyoming, Colorado, Oregon, Washington, Alberta, Saskatchewan)”
Claim · model-written summary
The genus extended to the late Paleocene in the Rocky Mountain and Great Plains region.
Verbatim
t0“phytogeographic history of Porosia Hickey”
e5“It extended to the late Paleocene in the Rocky Mountain and Great Plains region”
Claim · model-written summary
The genus appears to have become extinct near the Paleocene-Eocene boundary.
Verbatim
t0“phytogeographic history of Porosia Hickey”
e6“appears to have become extinct near the Paleocene-Eocene boundary”