Abstract
Summary Two field experiments compared various sequences of ethofumesate, methabenzthiazuron and mecoprop, and mixtures of metamitron, ethofumesate and methabenzthiazuron for their control of Poa annua L. and Stelluria media (L). Vill. during the establishment of autumn‐sown perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.). In experiment 1 pre‐emergence treatments required a second, post‐emergence spraying to give complete control of P. annua . Grass seedlings reappeared in early spring following ethofumesate treatment, but populations built up earlier where methabenzthiazuron had been used. The most successful treatment was ethofumesate at 1.4 kg a.i. ha −1 followed by 0.7 kg a.i, ha −1 in spring. Methabenzthiazuron at 0.8 kg a.i. ha −1 followed by ethofumesate at 0.7 kg a.i. ha −1 in December was also effective. Methabenzthiazuron at 1.6 kg a.i. ha −1 damaged ryegrass but was effective as a secondary treatment at lower doses in spring. Most treatments controlled S. media satisfactorily, but this sometimes increased the yield of P. annua . Metamitron greatly reduced tiller numbers of P. annua in experiment 2, especially when sprayed with methabenzthiazuron. Only treatments which included ethofumesate controlled S. media adequately but there was no advantage in combining this herbicide with any other for controlling P. annua .
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence treatments required a second post-emergence spray for complete P. annua control.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrass
Lolium perennee1 - Treatment
- second, post‐emergence sprayinge0
- Outcome
- complete control of P. annuae0
- Comparator
- pre‐emergence treatmentse0
Poa annuaNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pre‐emergence treatments required a second, post‐emergence spraying to give complete control of P. annua”
e1“perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grass seedlings reappeared in early spring after ethofumesate treatment.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennee1
- Treatment
- ethofumesate treatmente0
- Outcome
- Grass seedlings reappearede0
- Qualifier
- in early springe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grass seedlings reappeared in early spring following ethofumesate treatment”
e1“perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed populations built up earlier after methabenzthiazuron than after ethofumesate.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennee1
- Treatment
- methabenzthiazurone0
- Outcome
- populations built upe0
- Direction
- earliere0
- Comparator
- ethofumesate treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grass seedlings reappeared in early spring following ethofumesate treatment, but populations built up earlier where methabenzthiazuron had been used.”
e1“perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethofumesate at 1.4 kg a.i. ha −1 followed by 0.7 kg a.i. ha −1 in spring was the most successful treatment.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennee1
- Treatment
- ethofumesate at 1.4 kg a.i. ha −1 followed by 0.7 kg a.i, ha −1 in springe0
- Outcome
- most successful treatmente0
- Direction
- most successfule0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most successful treatment was ethofumesate at 1.4 kg a.i. ha −1 followed by 0.7 kg a.i, ha −1 in spring.”
e1“perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Methabenzthiazuron at 0.8 kg a.i. ha −1 followed by ethofumesate at 0.7 kg a.i. ha −1 was effective.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennee1
- Treatment
- Methabenzthiazuron at 0.8 kg a.i. ha −1 followed by ethofumesate at 0.7 kg a.i. ha −1 in Decembere0
- Outcome
- effectivee0
- Direction
- effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Methabenzthiazuron at 0.8 kg a.i. ha −1 followed by ethofumesate at 0.7 kg a.i. ha −1 in December was also effective.”
e1“perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Methabenzthiazuron at 1.6 kg a.i. ha −1 damaged ryegrass.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennee1
- Treatment
- Methabenzthiazuron at 1.6 kg a.i. ha −1e0
- Outcome
- damaged ryegrasse0
- Direction
- damagede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Methabenzthiazuron at 1.6 kg a.i. ha −1 damaged ryegrass”
e1“perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Methabenzthiazuron at lower doses was effective as a secondary spring treatment.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennee2
- Treatment
- Methabenzthiazurone1
- Outcome
- effective as a secondary treatmente0
- Direction
- effectivee0
- Qualifier
- lower doses in springe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was effective as a secondary treatment at lower doses in spring.”
e1“Methabenzthiazuron at 1.6 kg a.i. ha −1 damaged ryegrass”
e2“perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Most treatments satisfactorily controlled S. media.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennee1
- Treatment
- Most treatmentse0
- Interactor
- S. mediae0weed
- Outcome
- controlled S. mediae0
- Direction
- controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most treatments controlled S. media satisfactorily”
e1“perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Control of S. media sometimes increased P. annua yield.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennee1
- Treatment
- controlled S. mediae0
- Second interactor
- S. mediae0weed
- Outcome
- yield of P. annuae0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most treatments controlled S. media satisfactorily, but this sometimes increased the yield of P. annua”
e1“perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Metamitron greatly reduced P. annua tiller numbers.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennee1
- Treatment
- Metamitrone0
- Outcome
- tiller numbers of P. annuae0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Metamitron greatly reduced tiller numbers of P. annua in experiment 2”
e1“perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Metamitron with methabenzthiazuron especially reduced P. annua tiller numbers.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennee1
- Treatment
- Metamitrone0
- Outcome
- tiller numbers of P. annuae0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- especially when sprayed with methabenzthiazurone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Metamitron greatly reduced tiller numbers of P. annua in experiment 2, especially when sprayed with methabenzthiazuron.”
e1“perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Only ethofumesate-containing treatments adequately controlled S. media.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennee1
- Treatment
- treatments which included ethofumesatee0
- Interactor
- S. mediae0weed
- Outcome
- controlled S. mediae0
- Direction
- controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only treatments which included ethofumesate controlled S. media adequately”
e1“perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combining ethofumesate with another herbicide gave no advantage for controlling P. annua.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennee2
- Treatment
- combining this herbicide with any othere0
- Outcome
- controlling P. annuae0
- Direction
- no advantagee0
- Comparator
- ethofumesatee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was no advantage in combining this herbicide with any other for controlling P. annua”
e1“Only treatments which included ethofumesate controlled S. media adequately”
e2“perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.)”
The same questions in other papers
ethofumesate · control · Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.