Abstract
Core Ideas Glyphosate applied prior to perennial ryegrass (PRYE) seeding did not affect PRYE cover compared to seeding alone (nontreated). Post-seeding herbicide regimens are necessary to maximize PYRE establishment where a significant annual bluegrass (ABG) soil seedbank exists. Autumn applications of ethofumesate resulted in the greatest PRYE cover and ABG control by the following spring. Mesotrione-based herbicide programs applied during autumn provided ABG control. There was no advantage of applying mesotrione + amicarbazone for postemergence ABG control prior to PRYE seeding. Annual bluegrass (ABG; Poa annua L.) is among the most problematic weeds in golf and sports turfs. Perennial ryegrass (PRYE; Lolium perenne L.) can be more effectively seeded into existing turfs compared with other cool-season turfgrasses due to its quick germination and seedling vigor. Herbicide programs are often used to suppress ABG encroachment into newly renovated turfs. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of herbicide programs designed to suppress ABG in turf seeded with PRYE. Trials were initiated during September 2015 and 2016 on a mature stand of ABG in North Brunswick, NJ. Treatments consisted of 13 herbicide programs and a nontreated check. Programs involved applications of glyphosate, ethofumesate, mesotrione, and amicarbazone applied during September through December 2015 and 2016. Separate trial areas were core cultivated with soil reincorporated; ‘Manhattan 5 GLR’ PRYE was slit-seeded on 14 Sep. 2015 and 16 Sep. 2016. Glyphosate followed by (fb) seeding did not affect PRYE establishment compared to seeding alone (nontreated). Three autumn applications of ethofumesate resulted in the greatest PRYE cover and best ABG control by the following spring in both years. All mesotrione herbicide programs suppressed ABG encroachment. Applications of mesotrione + amicarbazone prior to PRYE seeding did not affect PRYE establishment compared to most mesotrione-only herbicide programs.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate followed by seeding did not affect perennial ryegrass establishment compared with seeding alone.
- Taxon
- Perennial Ryegrass
Lolium perennet0 - Treatment
- Glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- PRYE establishmente0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Comparator
- seeding alone (nontreated)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Perennial Ryegrass”
e0“Glyphosate followed by (fb) seeding did not affect PRYE establishment compared to seeding alone (nontreated)”
Claim · model-written summary
Three autumn applications of ethofumesate gave the greatest perennial ryegrass cover.
- Taxon
- Perennial RyegrassLolium perennet0
- Treatment
- Three autumn applications of ethofumesatee1
- Outcome
- PRYE covere1
- Direction
- greateste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Perennial Ryegrass”
e1“Three autumn applications of ethofumesate resulted in the greatest PRYE cover and best ABG control by the following spring in both years”
Claim · model-written summary
Three autumn applications of ethofumesate gave the best annual bluegrass control by the following spring.
- Taxon
- Perennial RyegrassLolium perennet0
- Treatment
- Three autumn applications of ethofumesatee1
- Interactor
- ABGe1weed
- Outcome
- ABG controle1
- Direction
- beste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Perennial Ryegrass”
e1“Three autumn applications of ethofumesate resulted in the greatest PRYE cover and best ABG control by the following spring in both years”
Claim · model-written summary
All mesotrione herbicide programs suppressed annual bluegrass encroachment.
- Taxon
- Perennial RyegrassLolium perennet0
- Treatment
- mesotrione herbicide programse2
- Interactor
- ABGe2weed
- Outcome
- ABG encroachmente2
- Direction
- suppressede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Perennial Ryegrass”
e2“All mesotrione herbicide programs suppressed ABG encroachment”
Claim · model-written summary
Mesotrione plus amicarbazone applied before seeding did not affect perennial ryegrass establishment compared with most mesotrione-only programs.
- Taxon
- Perennial RyegrassLolium perennet0
- Treatment
- mesotrione + amicarbazonee3
- Outcome
- PRYE establishmente3
- Direction
- did not affecte3
- Comparator
- most mesotrione-only herbicide programse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Perennial Ryegrass”
e3“Applications of mesotrione + amicarbazone prior to PRYE seeding did not affect PRYE establishment compared to most mesotrione-only herbicide programs”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-seeding herbicide regimens are necessary to maximize perennial ryegrass establishment where an annual bluegrass seedbank exists.
- Taxon
- Perennial RyegrassLolium perennet0
- Outcome
- maximize PYRE establishmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Perennial Ryegrass”
e4“Post-seeding herbicide regimens are necessary to maximize PYRE establishment where a significant annual bluegrass (ABG) soil seedbank exists”
The same questions in other papers
ethofumesate · organism · Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
mesotrione · growth · Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
ethofumesate · control · Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
glyphosate · growth · Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
herbicide · organism · Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.