Paper · 1957 · Grass and Forage Science

THE RENOVATION OF DOWNLAND PERMANENT PASTURE II.

M. J. T. Norman; J. O. Green

6
claims
8
verbatim quotes
2
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

An experiment, A, involving dates and methods of application of 2,4‐D (amine) as a preliminary treatment in the renovation of a poor downland permanent pasture, followed by surface cultivations and sowing of S.24 perennial ryegrass and S.100 white clover, was carried out at Hurley between 1953 and 1955. In spite of initial differences in the establishment of S.24 and S.100, pre‐treatment with herbicide had no effect upon the cover of sown and unsown perennial ryegrass and white clover two years later. At this date, perennial ryegrass contributed one‐quarter and one‐eighth, and white clover one‐third and one‐quarter, to the total cover of renovated and unrenovated plots respectively. The increase in dry‐matter yield resulting from renovation was approximately 10 per cent. This was considered small in relation to the estimated improvement in yield brought about by grazing management and manuring in the course of the trial. In experiment B, plots receiving herbicide were given differential management and manurial treatments after spraying in an attempt to control the ingress of undesirable creeping grasses. The results indicated that this ingress could be checked by close grazing soon after spraying.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 6

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Herbicide pretreatment had no effect on perennial ryegrass cover after two years.

Taxon
perennial ryegrassLolium perennee0
Treatment
pre‐treatment with herbicidee0
Outcome
cover of sown and unsown perennial ryegrasse0
Direction
no effecte0
Qualifier
two years latere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lolium perenne
Lolium perenne · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“pre‐treatment with herbicide had no effect upon the cover of sown and unsown perennial ryegrass and white clover two years later.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 377–506 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Herbicide pretreatment had no effect on white clover cover after two years.

Taxon
white cloverTrifolium repense0
Treatment
pre‐treatment with herbicidee0
Outcome
white clovere0
Direction
no effecte0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trifolium repens
Trifolium repens · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“pre‐treatment with herbicide had no effect upon the cover of sown and unsown perennial ryegrass and white clover two years later.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 377–506 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ryegrass contributed one quarter of renovated cover and one eighth of unrenovated cover.

Taxon
perennial ryegrassLolium perennee0
Outcome
total covere0
Value
one‐quarter and one‐eighthe0
Comparator
unrenovated plotse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lolium perenne
Lolium perenne · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“perennial ryegrass contributed one‐quarter and one‐eighth, and white clover one‐third and one‐quarter, to the total cover of renovated and unrenovated plots respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 521–691 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

White clover contributed one third of renovated cover and one quarter of unrenovated cover.

Taxon
white cloverTrifolium repense0
Outcome
total covere0
Value
one‐third and one‐quartere0
Comparator
unrenovated plotse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Trifolium repens
Trifolium repens · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“white clover one‐third and one‐quarter, to the total cover of renovated and unrenovated plots respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 584–691 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Renovation increased dry matter yield by approximately 10 percent.

Taxon
perennial ryegrassLolium perennet0
Treatment
renovatione0
Outcome
dry‐matter yielde0
Direction
increasee0
Value
10 per cente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lolium perenne
Lolium perenne · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The increase in dry‐matter yield resulting from renovation was approximately 10 per cent.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 692–781 · show in text ↑
t0

“sowing of S.24 perennial ryegrass and S.100 white clover”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 198–254 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Close grazing after spraying checked ingress of undesirable creeping grasses.

Taxon
PERMANENT PASTUREt0
Treatment
close grazing soon after sprayinge0
Outcome
ingresse0
Direction
checkede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“this ingress could be checked by close grazing soon after spraying.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1149–1216 · show in text ↑
t0

“PERMANENT PASTURE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–44 · show in text ↑

herbicide · organism · Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)Positive and negative results

3 papers: 1 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
See all 3 papers →

herbicide · organism · Trifolium repens (white clover)Results agree

2 papers: 0 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.