Abstract
Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum 'Walter') were inoculated with initial population densities of Pratylenchus penetrans ranging 0-4000 nematodes per pot and were repeatedly exposed to ozone (O/sub 3/). Exposures to charcoal-filtered air served as controls. Decreases in dry weights of plant parts excised from tomato plants exposed to 0.2 ..mu..l O/sub 3/ per liter of air added to the decrease in dry weight caused by exposure to sulfur dioxide (SO/sub 2/) at 0.2 ..mu..l/L of air adequately predicted the decrease in dry weight of tomato plants caused by exposure to 0.2 ..mu..l O/sub 3/ + 0.2 ..mu..l SO/sub 2/ per liter of air. When 0.2 ..mu..l O/sub 3/ and 0.8 ..mu..l SO/sub 2/ per liter of air were present in mixture, they acted antagonistically and caused less change in leaf and shoot dry weight than could be predicted by the main effects of O/sub 3/ or SO/sub 2/. The presence of P. penetrans attacking the roots enhanced the negative effects of O/sub 3/ + SO/sub 2/ on leaf growth (dry weight), but suppressed the inhibitory effects of O/sub 3/ + SO/sub 2/ on auxillary shoot dry weight. Treatments containing 0.8 ..mu..l SO/sub 2/ per liter of air reduced tomato fruit weight,more » but the amount of reduction was antagonized by the presence of O/sub 3/.« less
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Additive individual pollutant effects predicted dry weight loss under the combined low-dose mixture.
- Taxon
- tomato plants
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- 0.2 ..mu..l O/sub 3/ + 0.2 ..mu..l SO/sub 2/ per liter of aire0
- Outcome
- decrease in dry weight of tomato plantse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Decreases in dry weights of plant parts excised from tomato plants exposed to 0.2 ..mu..l O/sub 3/ per liter of air added to the decrease in dry weight caused by exposure to sulfur dioxide (SO/sub 2/) at 0.2 ..mu..l/L of air adequately predicted the decrease in dry weight of tomato plants caused by exposure to 0.2 ..mu..l O/sub 3/ + 0.2 ..mu..l SO/sub 2/ per liter of air”
Claim · model-written summary
The high-sulfur dioxide mixture caused less leaf dry weight change than predicted by individual effects.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 0.2 ..mu..l O/sub 3/ and 0.8 ..mu..l SO/sub 2/ per liter of aire0
- Outcome
- leaf and shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- less changee0
- Comparator
- main effects of O/sub 3/ or SO/sub 2/e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When 0.2 ..mu..l O/sub 3/ and 0.8 ..mu..l SO/sub 2/ per liter of air were present in mixture, they acted antagonistically and caused less change in leaf and shoot dry weight than could be predicted by the main effects of O/sub 3/ or SO/sub 2/”
t0“Tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
P. penetrans enhanced pollutant mixture effects on leaf dry weight.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- O/sub 3/ + SO/sub 2/e0
- Interactor
- P. penetrans
Pratylenchus penetranse0pathogen - Outcome
- leaf growth (dry weight)e0
- Direction
- enhanced the negative effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The presence of P. penetrans attacking the roots enhanced the negative effects of O/sub 3/ + SO/sub 2/ on leaf growth (dry weight)”
t0“Tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
P. penetrans suppressed pollutant mixture inhibition of auxiliary shoot dry weight.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- O/sub 3/ + SO/sub 2/e0
- Interactor
- P. penetransPratylenchus penetranse1pathogen
- Outcome
- auxillary shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suppressed the inhibitory effects of O/sub 3/ + SO/sub 2/ on auxillary shoot dry weight”
t0“Tomatoes”
e1“The presence of P. penetrans attacking the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
High sulfur dioxide reduced tomato fruit weight.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- 0.8 ..mu..l SO/sub 2/ per liter of aire0
- Outcome
- fruit weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatments containing 0.8 ..mu..l SO/sub 2/ per liter of air reduced tomato fruit weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone antagonized sulfur dioxide reduction of tomato fruit weight.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- O/sub 3/e0
- Outcome
- tomato fruit weighte1
- Direction
- antagonizede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the amount of reduction was antagonized by the presence of O/sub 3/”
t0“Tomatoes”
e1“reduced tomato fruit weight”