Abstract
Lilium davidii var. unicolor Salisb is known for its esculent and exceptionally sweet bulbs. This article reports the isolation and purification of a non-starch polysaccharide from the bulb tissues. The polysaccharide was fractionated by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography, giving two polysaccharide fractions. We collected the main peak polysaccharide, termed Lilium davidii polysaccharide (LDP). The molecular appearance of LDP at different concentrations was observed with atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging, and the chemical characterisation of LDP was studied by physical, chemical and spectroscopic techniques: for example, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, methylation analysis, GC, GC-MS, and NMR. The results demonstrate that the LDP is an amorphous powder, containing three monosaccharide molecules: D-mannose (D-Man), D-glucose (D-Glc) and D-galactose (D-Gal), with approximate molar ratios of 10 : 19 : 1. The morphology of LDP was arranged as irregular crumb-like or island forms (3-D images) when the concentration of the solution was low, and more molecules were entangled as a rugged sugar layer at high concentration. The LDP has a molecular weight of 5.17 x 10(4) g mol(-1). On the basis of methylation and GC-MS analysis, IR, NMR, the likely linkages of sugar components of LDP was described as follows: the main chain of the LDP is primarily made up of a 1,4-linked form for beta-Glc and a 1,3-linked form for alpha-Man with molar ratios of 2 : 1. On average, there is one 1,6-linked form for alpha-Gal or one 1,3-linked form for alpha-Man residues which can be substituted at 6-O from among 30 sugar residues. The reduction terminal is beta-Glc.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fractionation yielded two polysaccharide fractions.
- Taxon
- Lilium davidii
Lilium davidiit0 - Organ / stage
- bulb tissuese1
- Outcome
- two polysaccharide fractionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The polysaccharide was fractionated by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography, giving two polysaccharide fractions”
e1“from the bulb tissues”
t0“Lilium davidii”
Claim · model-written summary
The main fraction was termed Lilium davidii polysaccharide.
- Taxon
- Lilium davidiiLilium davidiie0
- Outcome
- main peak polysaccharidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We collected the main peak polysaccharide, termed Lilium davidii polysaccharide (LDP)”
Claim · model-written summary
LDP was an amorphous powder.
- Taxon
- Lilium davidiiLilium davidiit0
- Outcome
- amorphous powdere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the LDP is an amorphous powder”
t0“Lilium davidii”
Claim · model-written summary
LDP contained D-mannose, D-glucose and D-galactose in an approximate 10 : 19 : 1 molar ratio.
- Taxon
- Lilium davidiiLilium davidiit0
- Outcome
- D-mannose (D-Man), D-glucose (D-Glc) and D-galactose (D-Gal)e0
- Value
- 10 : 19 : 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“containing three monosaccharide molecules: D-mannose (D-Man), D-glucose (D-Glc) and D-galactose (D-Gal), with approximate molar ratios of 10 : 19 : 1”
t0“Lilium davidii”
Claim · model-written summary
At low solution concentration, LDP appeared as irregular crumbs or islands.
- Taxon
- Lilium davidiiLilium davidiit0
- Outcome
- irregular crumb-like or island formse0
- Qualifier
- concentration of the solution was lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The morphology of LDP was arranged as irregular crumb-like or island forms (3-D images) when the concentration of the solution was low”
t0“Lilium davidii”
Claim · model-written summary
At high concentration LDP molecules formed an entangled rugged sugar layer.
- Taxon
- Lilium davidiiLilium davidiit0
- Outcome
- rugged sugar layere0
- Qualifier
- at high concentratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more molecules were entangled as a rugged sugar layer at high concentration”
t0“Lilium davidii”
Claim · model-written summary
LDP molecular weight was 5.17 x 10(4) g mol(-1).
- Taxon
- Lilium davidiiLilium davidiit0
- Outcome
- molecular weighte0
- Value
- 5.17 x 10(4) g mol(-1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LDP has a molecular weight of 5.17 x 10(4) g mol(-1)”
t0“Lilium davidii”
Claim · model-written summary
The proposed LDP main chain comprises 1,4-linked beta-Glc and 1,3-linked alpha-Man at a 2 : 1 ratio.
- Taxon
- Lilium davidiiLilium davidiit0
- Outcome
- 1,4-linked form for beta-Glc and a 1,3-linked form for alpha-Mane0
- Value
- 2 : 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the main chain of the LDP is primarily made up of a 1,4-linked form for beta-Glc and a 1,3-linked form for alpha-Man with molar ratios of 2 : 1”
t0“Lilium davidii”
Claim · model-written summary
On average one substituted alpha-Gal or alpha-Man residue occurred among 30 sugar residues.
- Taxon
- Lilium davidiiLilium davidiit0
- Outcome
- one 1,6-linked form for alpha-Gal or one 1,3-linked form for alpha-Man residues which can be substituted at 6-Oe0
- Value
- 30 sugar residuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On average, there is one 1,6-linked form for alpha-Gal or one 1,3-linked form for alpha-Man residues which can be substituted at 6-O from among 30 sugar residues”
t0“Lilium davidii”
Claim · model-written summary
The LDP reducing terminus was beta-Glc.
- Taxon
- Lilium davidiiLilium davidiit0
- Outcome
- reduction terminal is beta-Glce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction terminal is beta-Glc”
t0“Lilium davidii”