Abstract
Rice waika virus (RWV) was purified by chloroform clarification and three cycles of differential centrifugations followed by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. RWV particles were spherical ones of about 30nm in diameter and showed an UV absorption spectrum characteristic of a nucleoprotein. The sedimentation coeffcient of the virus determined by analytical centrifugation was about 172S. Antiserum with the titer of 1/1, 024 for the agar gel diffusion test was prepared against RWV. By electron microscopy of thin sections, the presence of RWV particles was found to be restricted to phloem cells, in which two types of inclusion bodies and small vesicles were also observed. At the early stage of RWV infection, electron-dense crystalline inclusions showing latticed or tubular structures of protein nature developed, and the virus particles were produced first at their surface, and later within them. As the virus multiplication advanced, the crystalline inclusions changed to become electronlight granular inclusions, another type of inclusion body, which were easily found in RWV-infected cells and always associated with the virus particles. RWV particles gradually increased in number and accumulated as virus aggregates in the granular inclusions. The small vesicles developed around the inclusion bodies, and more often in the cytoplasm along and near the cell lumen. They contained fibrous materials like nucleic acid strands. Subsequently the virus particles were released from the inclusion bodies into the cytoplasm and vacuoles. From these observations the inclusion bodies were thought to be viroplasms. The virus particles in vacuoles often showed crystalline arrays. Phloem necrosis was very common, and accumulation of starch grains due to the phloem necrosis was often observed in chloroplasts in mesophyll cells.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Rice waika virus particles were spherical and about 30 nm across.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Interactor
- RWVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- RWV particlese0
- Value
- about 30nme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RWV particles were spherical ones of about 30nm in diameter”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
The virus had a nucleoprotein-like UV absorption spectrum.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- UV absorption spectrume0
- Qualifier
- characteristic of a nucleoproteine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“showed an UV absorption spectrum characteristic of a nucleoprotein”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
The virus sedimentation coefficient was about 172S.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- sedimentation coeffciente0
- Value
- about 172Se0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The sedimentation coeffcient of the virus determined by analytical centrifugation was about 172S”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Antiserum to rice waika virus had a titer of 1/1,024 in an agar-gel diffusion test.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- titere0
- Value
- 1/1, 024e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Antiserum with the titer of 1/1, 024 for the agar gel diffusion test was prepared against RWV”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus particles were restricted to phloem cells.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- phloem cellse0
- Interactor
- RWVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- presence of RWV particlese0
- Direction
- restrictede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the presence of RWV particles was found to be restricted to phloem cells”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Two types of inclusion bodies and small vesicles appeared in infected phloem cells.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- phloem cellse0
- Outcome
- two types of inclusion bodies and small vesiclese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phloem cells, in which two types of inclusion bodies and small vesicles were also observed”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Early infection produced crystalline inclusions with latticed or tubular protein structures.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- electron-dense crystalline inclusionse0
- Qualifier
- early stage of RWV infectione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the early stage of RWV infection, electron-dense crystalline inclusions showing latticed or tubular structures of protein nature developed”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus particles first formed at the surface of crystalline inclusions and later within them.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- virus particlese0
- Qualifier
- first at their surface, and later within theme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the virus particles were produced first at their surface, and later within them”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
With advancing multiplication, crystalline inclusions became electron-light granular inclusions.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- crystalline inclusionse0
- Direction
- changede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As the virus multiplication advanced, the crystalline inclusions changed to become electronlight granular inclusions”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Granular inclusions were associated with virus particles in infected cells.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- granular inclusionse0
- Qualifier
- always associated with the virus particlese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“granular inclusions, another type of inclusion body, which were easily found in RWV-infected cells and always associated with the virus particles”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus particles increased and accumulated as aggregates in granular inclusions.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- granular inclusionse0
- Outcome
- RWV particlese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RWV particles gradually increased in number and accumulated as virus aggregates in the granular inclusions”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Small vesicles developed around inclusion bodies and near the cell lumen.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- cytoplasme0
- Outcome
- small vesiclese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The small vesicles developed around the inclusion bodies, and more often in the cytoplasm along and near the cell lumen”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Small vesicles contained fibrous material resembling nucleic acid strands.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- fibrous materialse0
- Qualifier
- like nucleic acid strandse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“They contained fibrous materials like nucleic acid strands”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus particles were released from inclusion bodies into cytoplasm and vacuoles.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- cytoplasm and vacuolese0
- Outcome
- virus particlese0
- Direction
- releasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Subsequently the virus particles were released from the inclusion bodies into the cytoplasm and vacuoles”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpreted the inclusion bodies as viroplasms.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- inclusion bodiese0
- Qualifier
- thought to be viroplasmse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“From these observations the inclusion bodies were thought to be viroplasms”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus particles in vacuoles often formed crystalline arrays.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- vacuolese0
- Outcome
- crystalline arrayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The virus particles in vacuoles often showed crystalline arrays”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Phloem necrosis was common in infected rice.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- Phloem necrosise0
- Direction
- very commone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phloem necrosis was very common”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Starch grains often accumulated in mesophyll chloroplasts due to phloem necrosis.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- chloroplasts in mesophyll cellse0
- Outcome
- accumulation of starch grainse0
- Qualifier
- due to the phloem necrosise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“accumulation of starch grains due to the phloem necrosis was often observed in chloroplasts in mesophyll cells”
t0“Some Properties and Intracellular Appearance of Rice Waika Virus”