Abstract
Dimethomorph (DMM) was effective in controlling late blight in potato and tomato caused by either metalaxyl-sensitive (MS) or metalaxyl-resistant (MR) field isolates of Phytophthora infestans and downy mildew in cucumbers and melons caused by MS or MR isolates of Pseudoperonospora cubensis. The fungicide did not affect zoospore discharge from sporangia of P. infestans but strongly inhibited zoospore encystment, cystospore germination, and mycelial growth in vitro. DMM showed translaminar activity and local systemic activity in intact plants but failed to translocate from one leaf to another in either acropetal or basipetal direction. DMM applied as a soil drench strongly protected tomatoes against late blight but failed to protect cucumbers against downy mildew. When applied in lanolin paste to the stem surface, but not when applied to the hypocotyl, it provided excellent control of both diseases in the foliage. DMM applied 1 day postinoculation partially protected potato against late blight and cucumber against downy mildew, and in both systems reduced sporulation of the pathogen. DMM diminished the sporulation of P. infestans and P. cubensis when applied to normally developed infected tissue. In P cubensis it induced enhanced callose-encasement of haustoria. It showed a remarkable persistence on foliage subsequent to excessive washing with water as well as a high residual activity lasting for 9 days. DMM seems to be a good candidate for the control of oomycete diseases in the field especially in growing areas where phenylamide-resistant fungal populations prevail.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph was effective in controlling late blight in potato and tomato caused by metalaxyl-sensitive or metalaxyl-resistant isolates of Phytophthora infestans.
- Taxon
- potato and tomato
Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum tuberosume0 - Treatment
- Dimethomorph (DMM)e0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora infestans
Phytophthora infestanse0pathogen - Outcome
- late blighte0
- Direction
- effectivee0
- Qualifier
- metalaxyl-sensitive (MS) or metalaxyl-resistant (MR) field isolatese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dimethomorph (DMM) was effective in controlling late blight in potato and tomato caused by either metalaxyl-sensitive (MS) or metalaxyl-resistant (MR) field isolates of Phytophthora infestans and downy mildew in cucumbers and melons caused by MS or MR isolates of Pseudoperonospora cubensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph was effective in controlling downy mildew in cucumbers and melons caused by metalaxyl-sensitive or metalaxyl-resistant isolates of Pseudoperonospora cubensis.
- Taxon
- cucumbers and melons
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Cucumis melo
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- Dimethomorph (DMM)e0
- Interactor
- Pseudoperonospora cubensis
Pseudoperonospora cubensise0pathogen - Outcome
- downy mildewe0
- Direction
- effectivee0
- Qualifier
- MS or MR isolatese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Dimethomorph (DMM) was effective in controlling late blight in potato and tomato caused by either metalaxyl-sensitive (MS) or metalaxyl-resistant (MR) field isolates of Phytophthora infestans and downy mildew in cucumbers and melons caused by MS or MR isolates of Pseudoperonospora cubensis”
Claim · model-written summary
The fungicide did not affect zoospore discharge from sporangia of P. infestans.
- Taxon
- potato and tomatoSolanum lycopersicumSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- fungicidee1
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse1pathogen
- Outcome
- zoospore dischargee1
- Direction
- did not affecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dimethomorph (DMM) was effective in controlling late blight in potato and tomato caused by either metalaxyl-sensitive (MS) or metalaxyl-resistant (MR) field isolates of Phytophthora infestans and downy mildew in cucumbers and melons caused by MS or MR isolates of Pseudoperonospora cubensis”
e1“The fungicide did not affect zoospore discharge from sporangia of P. infestans but strongly inhibited zoospore encystment, cystospore germination, and mycelial growth in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
The fungicide strongly inhibited zoospore encystment, cystospore germination and mycelial growth of P. infestans in vitro.
- Taxon
- potato and tomatoSolanum lycopersicumSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- fungicidee1
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse1pathogen
- Outcome
- zoospore encystment, cystospore germination, and mycelial growthe1
- Direction
- strongly inhibitede1
- Setting
- in vitroe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dimethomorph (DMM) was effective in controlling late blight in potato and tomato caused by either metalaxyl-sensitive (MS) or metalaxyl-resistant (MR) field isolates of Phytophthora infestans and downy mildew in cucumbers and melons caused by MS or MR isolates of Pseudoperonospora cubensis”
e1“The fungicide did not affect zoospore discharge from sporangia of P. infestans but strongly inhibited zoospore encystment, cystospore germination, and mycelial growth in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph showed translaminar and local systemic activity in intact plants.
Verbatim
e2“DMM showed translaminar activity and local systemic activity in intact plants but failed to translocate from one leaf to another in either acropetal or basipetal direction”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph failed to translocate from one leaf to another in either acropetal or basipetal direction.
Verbatim
e2“DMM showed translaminar activity and local systemic activity in intact plants but failed to translocate from one leaf to another in either acropetal or basipetal direction”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph applied as a soil drench strongly protected tomatoes against late blight.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume3
- Treatment
- DMM applied as a soil drenche3
- Outcome
- late blighte3
- Direction
- strongly protectede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“DMM applied as a soil drench strongly protected tomatoes against late blight but failed to protect cucumbers against downy mildew. When applied in lanolin paste to the stem surface, but not when applied to the hypocotyl, it provided excellent control of both diseases in the foliage”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph applied as a soil drench failed to protect cucumbers against downy mildew.
- Taxon
- cucumbersCucumis sativuse3
- Treatment
- DMM applied as a soil drenche3
- Outcome
- downy mildewe3
- Direction
- failed to protecte3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“DMM applied as a soil drench strongly protected tomatoes against late blight but failed to protect cucumbers against downy mildew. When applied in lanolin paste to the stem surface, but not when applied to the hypocotyl, it provided excellent control of both diseases in the foliage”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph applied in lanolin paste to the stem surface, but not to the hypocotyl, gave excellent control of both diseases in the foliage.
- Taxon
- foliagee3
- Treatment
- lanolin paste to the stem surfacee3
- Outcome
- control of both diseases in the foliagee3
- Comparator
- hypocotyle3
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e3“DMM applied as a soil drench strongly protected tomatoes against late blight but failed to protect cucumbers against downy mildew. When applied in lanolin paste to the stem surface, but not when applied to the hypocotyl, it provided excellent control of both diseases in the foliage”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph applied 1 day after inoculation partially protected potato against late blight.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume4
- Treatment
- DMM applied 1 day postinoculatione4
- Outcome
- late blighte4
- Direction
- partially protectede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“DMM applied 1 day postinoculation partially protected potato against late blight and cucumber against downy mildew, and in both systems reduced sporulation of the pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph applied 1 day after inoculation partially protected cucumber against downy mildew.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse4
- Treatment
- DMM applied 1 day postinoculatione4
- Outcome
- downy mildewe4
- Direction
- partially protectede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“DMM applied 1 day postinoculation partially protected potato against late blight and cucumber against downy mildew, and in both systems reduced sporulation of the pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph applied 1 day after inoculation reduced sporulation of the pathogen in both systems.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume4
- Treatment
- DMM applied 1 day postinoculatione4
- Outcome
- sporulation of the pathogene4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Qualifier
- in both systemse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“DMM applied 1 day postinoculation partially protected potato against late blight and cucumber against downy mildew, and in both systems reduced sporulation of the pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph diminished sporulation of P. infestans and P. cubensis when applied to normally developed infected tissue.
- Taxon
- potato and tomatoSolanum lycopersicumSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- DMMe5
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse5pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. cubensisPseudoperonospora cubensise5pathogen
- Outcome
- sporulation of P. infestans and P. cubensise5
- Direction
- diminishede5
- Qualifier
- when applied to normally developed infected tissuee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dimethomorph (DMM) was effective in controlling late blight in potato and tomato caused by either metalaxyl-sensitive (MS) or metalaxyl-resistant (MR) field isolates of Phytophthora infestans and downy mildew in cucumbers and melons caused by MS or MR isolates of Pseudoperonospora cubensis”
e5“DMM diminished the sporulation of P. infestans and P. cubensis when applied to normally developed infected tissue”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph induced enhanced callose-encasement of haustoria of P. cubensis.
- Taxon
- cucumbers and melonsCucumis meloCucumis sativuse0
- Interactor
- P cubensisPseudoperonospora cubensise6pathogen
- Outcome
- callose-encasement of haustoriae6
- Direction
- enhancede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dimethomorph (DMM) was effective in controlling late blight in potato and tomato caused by either metalaxyl-sensitive (MS) or metalaxyl-resistant (MR) field isolates of Phytophthora infestans and downy mildew in cucumbers and melons caused by MS or MR isolates of Pseudoperonospora cubensis”
e6“In P cubensis it induced enhanced callose-encasement of haustoria. It showed a remarkable persistence on foliage subsequent to excessive washing with water as well as a high residual activity lasting for 9 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph showed remarkable persistence on foliage after excessive washing with water.
Verbatim
e6“In P cubensis it induced enhanced callose-encasement of haustoria. It showed a remarkable persistence on foliage subsequent to excessive washing with water as well as a high residual activity lasting for 9 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph showed high residual activity lasting for 9 days.
Verbatim
e6“In P cubensis it induced enhanced callose-encasement of haustoria. It showed a remarkable persistence on foliage subsequent to excessive washing with water as well as a high residual activity lasting for 9 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethomorph seems to be a good candidate for controlling oomycete diseases in the field, especially where phenylamide-resistant fungal populations prevail.
- Taxon
- potato and tomatoSolanum lycopersicumSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- good candidate for the control of oomycete diseases in the fielde7
- Qualifier
- especially in growing areas where phenylamide-resistant fungal populations prevaile7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dimethomorph (DMM) was effective in controlling late blight in potato and tomato caused by either metalaxyl-sensitive (MS) or metalaxyl-resistant (MR) field isolates of Phytophthora infestans and downy mildew in cucumbers and melons caused by MS or MR isolates of Pseudoperonospora cubensis”
e7“DMM seems to be a good candidate for the control of oomycete diseases in the field especially in growing areas where phenylamide-resistant fungal populations prevail”
The same questions in other papers
dimethomorph · Phytophthora infestans · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
- positive
- positive
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →dimethomorph · Phytophthora infestans · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
dimethomorph · disease · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 5 papers →dimethomorph · Pseudoperonospora cubensis · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 6 papers →dimethomorph · disease · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
8 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 9 papers →fungicide · Phytophthora infestans · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
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31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- no effect
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- no effect
36 papers more in this group
See all 40 papers →application · disease · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 60 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
63 papers more in this group
See all 67 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.