Abstract
Viruses from the genus Tospovirus (family Bunyaviridae) are widespread in the Americas, where the following species have been reported: Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV), Chrysanthemum stem necrosis virus (CSNV), Zucchini lethal chlorosis virus (ZLCV), Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV), Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) (Jones, 2005), Alstroemeria necrotic streak virus (ANSV), Melon severe mosaic virus (MeSMV) and Bean necrotic mosaic virus (BeNMV) (Ciuffo et al., 2009; Hassani-Mehraban et al., 2010; Oliveira et al., 2011). This work describes the identification of a virus isolated from a commercial crop of Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana) in October 2009 in Santa Maria, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The disease was identified in a 5 ha cultivated area, where 100% of the plants were showing symptoms of stunting, mosaic, necrosis and foliar distortion (Fig. 1). Spherical particles measuring 80-100 nm in diameter were observed by electron microscopy, giving the initial evidence that a tospovirus might be involved in the disease. Sap from the infected leaves of five different Cape gooseberry plants were inoculated on healthy indicator plants: Petunia hybrida and Chenopodium amaranticolor reacted with local lesions; Datura stramonium, Solanum gilo, S. lycopersicum, S. nigrum, Physalis angulata, P. floridana and P. peruviana (Fig. 1) displayed systemic symptoms. Host reactions were typical for those caused by tospoviruses and symptoms on Physalis species reproduced those observed in the original samples. Testing by plate trapped-ELISA, a positive reaction was only obtained from all five samples using anti-TCSV antiserum (Embrapa, CNPH, Brazil). Negative ELISA results were obtained using antiserum against four other tospoviruses: Tomato spotted wilt virus, Groundnut ringspot virus, Impatiens necrotic spot virus and Chrysanthemum stem necrosis virus. RT-PCR was performed using primers designed to conserved regions of the tospoviral S RNA (Eiras et al., 2001). This generated 440 bp DNA fragments, whose sequence revealed a high degree of nucleotide identity with TCSV isolates from Argentina (98-99%) and Brazil (93-95%). Alignment of the partial coat protein nucleotide sequences showed that the Physalis TCSV isolate (GenBank Accession No. JQ034525) clustered with other TCSV isolates, sharing a clade with Argentinean isolates (Fig. 2). Cape gooseberry is a fruit crop of great nutritional and economic value, which has gradually gained acceptance in international markets, due to its flavour and medicinal properties. In Brazil, it was introduced as a commercial crop into small farms in southern Brazil (Rufato et al., 2008). To our knowledge, this is the first report of natural occurrence of TCSV in commercial crops of Cape gooseberry. To date the disease is restricted to Rio Grande do Sul State. Further epidemiological studies are necessary for understanding the spread of TCSV into this relatively new introduced crop in Brazil.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
All plants in the affected Cape gooseberry area showed disease symptoms.
- Taxon
- Cape gooseberry
Physalis peruvianat0 - Outcome
- symptoms of stunting, mosaic, necrosis and foliar distortione0
- Value
- 100%e0
- Setting
- cultivated areae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The disease was identified in a 5 ha cultivated area, where 100% of the plants were showing symptoms of stunting, mosaic, necrosis and foliar distortion”
t0“Cape gooseberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Spherical particles 80-100 nm in diameter were observed in infected Cape gooseberry.
- Taxon
- Cape gooseberryPhysalis peruvianat0
- Outcome
- Spherical particlese0
- Value
- 80-100 nme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spherical particles measuring 80-100 nm in diameter were observed by electron microscopy”
t0“Cape gooseberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated Petunia hybrida and Chenopodium amaranticolor developed local lesions.
- Taxon
- Petunia hybrida and Chenopodium amaranticolor
Petunia ×hybrida
Chenopodium amaranticolore0 - Treatment
- Sap from the infected leaves of five different Cape gooseberry plantse1
- Interactor
- Cape gooseberryPhysalis peruvianae1other
- Outcome
- local lesionse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Petunia hybrida and Chenopodium amaranticolor reacted with local lesions”
e1“Sap from the infected leaves of five different Cape gooseberry plants were inoculated on healthy indicator plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated Datura stramonium, Solanum gilo, S. lycopersicum, S. nigrum, Physalis angulata, P. floridana and P. peruviana displayed systemic symptoms.
- Taxon
- Datura stramonium
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Datura stramoniume0 - Treatment
- Sap from the infected leaves of five different Cape gooseberry plantse1
- Outcome
- systemic symptomse0
- Qualifier
- Solanum gilo, S. lycopersicum, S. nigrum, Physalis angulata, P. floridana and P. peruvianae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Datura stramonium, Solanum gilo, S. lycopersicum, S. nigrum, Physalis angulata, P. floridana and P. peruviana (Fig. 1) displayed systemic symptoms”
e1“Sap from the infected leaves of five different Cape gooseberry plants were inoculated on healthy indicator plants”
Claim · model-written summary
All five Cape gooseberry samples reacted positively only with anti-TCSV antiserum.
- Taxon
- Cape gooseberryPhysalis peruvianat0
- Interactor
- TCSVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- positive reactione0
- Value
- all five samplese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a positive reaction was only obtained from all five samples using anti-TCSV antiserum”
t0“Cape gooseberry”
Claim · model-written summary
ELISA tests were negative against four other tospoviruses.
- Taxon
- Cape gooseberryPhysalis peruvianat0
- Outcome
- Negative ELISA resultse0
- Qualifier
- four other tospovirusese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Negative ELISA results were obtained using antiserum against four other tospoviruses: Tomato spotted wilt virus, Groundnut ringspot virus, Impatiens necrotic spot virus and Chrysanthemum stem necrosis virus”
t0“Cape gooseberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Tospovirus RT-PCR generated 440 bp fragments from Cape gooseberry samples.
- Taxon
- Cape gooseberryPhysalis peruvianat0
- Outcome
- DNA fragmentse0
- Value
- 440 bpe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This generated 440 bp DNA fragments”
e1“RT-PCR was performed using primers designed to conserved regions of the tospoviral S RNA”
t0“Cape gooseberry”
Claim · model-written summary
The fragments had 98-99% nucleotide identity with TCSV isolates from Argentina.
- Taxon
- Cape gooseberryPhysalis peruvianat0
- Interactor
- TCSVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- nucleotide identity with TCSV isolates from Argentinae0
- Value
- 98-99%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high degree of nucleotide identity with TCSV isolates from Argentina (98-99%)”
t0“Cape gooseberry”
Claim · model-written summary
The fragments had 93-95% nucleotide identity with TCSV isolates from Brazil.
- Taxon
- Cape gooseberryPhysalis peruvianat0
- Interactor
- TCSVe1pathogen
- Outcome
- nucleotide identitye1
- Value
- 93-95%e0
- Setting
- Brazile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brazil (93-95%)”
e1“high degree of nucleotide identity with TCSV isolates from Argentina (98-99%) and Brazil (93-95%)”
t0“Cape gooseberry”
Claim · model-written summary
The Physalis TCSV isolate clustered with other TCSV isolates in a clade with Argentinean isolates.
- Taxon
- Cape gooseberryPhysalis peruvianat0
- Interactor
- TCSVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- clustered with other TCSV isolates, sharing a clade with Argentinean isolatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Physalis TCSV isolate (GenBank Accession No. JQ034525) clustered with other TCSV isolates, sharing a clade with Argentinean isolates”
t0“Cape gooseberry”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors report the first natural occurrence of TCSV in commercial Cape gooseberry crops.
- Taxon
- Cape gooseberryPhysalis peruvianae0
- Interactor
- TCSVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- natural occurrence of TCSVe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this is the first report of natural occurrence of TCSV in commercial crops of Cape gooseberry”
Claim · model-written summary
The disease was restricted to Rio Grande do Sul State at the time of the report.
- Taxon
- Cape gooseberryPhysalis peruvianat0
- Outcome
- disease is restricted to Rio Grande do Sul Statee0
- Setting
- Rio Grande do Sul Statee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“To date the disease is restricted to Rio Grande do Sul State”
t0“Cape gooseberry”
The same questions in other papers
infection · disease · Chenopodium amaranticolorResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.