Abstract
Ethephon (2-chloroethyl) phosphonic acid) (“Prep”) was applied in 1985 and 1986 to cotton, Gossypium hirsutum (L.), during early to late September to remove late season fruiting forms and to determine the effects on boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman, population development, cotton quality, lint yield, fiber quality, and boll opening. In 1985, boll weevils ranged from approximately one to five per 4 m of cotton row at the time of application on 6 and 13 September. Populations decreased in ethephon-treated plots thereafter, and average numbers found in infested bolls and squares were reduced >95% as compared with infestations in untreated check plots. In 1986, boll weevils ranged from zero to less than one per 4 m of row at the time of treatments on 15, 23, and 29 September. Populations increased in all plots thereafter, but were on average 9.5 times greater in check plots than in ethephon-treated plots 30 to 44 d following treatment. In 1985, ethephon at rates of 1.12 kg (AI)/ha applied 6 or 13 September did not affect cotton lint yield, but 2.24 kg (AI)/ha applied 6 September reduced yield significantly, possibly because of delayed cotton harvest. In 1986, ethephon at 1.68 kg (AI)/ha had no effect on cotton yields or cotton fiber quality characteristics, but the fiber-length uniformity ratio was significantly higher in the ethephon-treated plots. Ethephon accelerated mature boll opening in the experimental plots in both years, demonstrating the potential for earlier harvest, stalk destruction, and cotton plow down, which are desirable cultural practices that help reduce overwintering boll weevil populations.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
In 1985, ethephon reduced boll weevils in infested bolls and squares by more than 95% versus untreated checks.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- ethephon-treated plotse0
- Interactor
- boll weevils
Anthonomus grandise1pest - Outcome
- average numbers found in infested bolls and squarese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- >95%e0
- Comparator
- untreated check plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Populations decreased in ethephon-treated plots thereafter, and average numbers found in infested bolls and squares were reduced >95% as compared with infestations in untreated check plots.”
e1“boll weevils ranged from approximately one to five per 4 m of cotton row”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1986, weevil populations rose in all plots, but untreated checks had 9.5 times more weevils than ethephon plots after 30 to 44 days.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- ethephon-treated plotse0
- Interactor
- boll weevilsAnthonomus grandise1pest
- Outcome
- Populationse0
- Direction
- 9.5 times greater in check plotse0
- Value
- 9.5 timese0
- Comparator
- check plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Populations increased in all plots thereafter, but were on average 9.5 times greater in check plots than in ethephon-treated plots 30 to 44 d following treatment.”
e1“In 1986, boll weevils ranged from zero to less than one per 4 m of row”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1985, 1.12 kg (AI)/ha ethephon on either September date did not affect lint yield.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- ethephon at rates of 1.12 kg (AI)/hae0
- Outcome
- cotton lint yielde0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Qualifier
- 6 or 13 Septembere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1985, ethephon at rates of 1.12 kg (AI)/ha applied 6 or 13 September did not affect cotton lint yield”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1985, 2.24 kg (AI)/ha ethephon on 6 September significantly reduced yield.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- 2.24 kg (AI)/ha applied 6 Septembere0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2.24 kg (AI)/ha applied 6 September reduced yield significantly”
e1“In 1985, ethephon at rates of 1.12 kg (AI)/ha”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1986, 1.68 kg (AI)/ha ethephon had no effect on cotton yield or fiber quality.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- ethephon at 1.68 kg (AI)/hae0
- Outcome
- cotton yields or cotton fiber quality characteristicse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1986, ethephon at 1.68 kg (AI)/ha had no effect on cotton yields or cotton fiber quality characteristics”
Claim · model-written summary
Fiber-length uniformity ratio was significantly higher in ethephon-treated plots in 1986.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- ethephon-treated plotse0
- Outcome
- fiber-length uniformity ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the fiber-length uniformity ratio was significantly higher in the ethephon-treated plots”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon accelerated mature boll opening in both years.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Ethephone0
- Outcome
- mature boll openinge0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethephon accelerated mature boll opening in the experimental plots in both years”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors present earlier harvest and stalk destruction after ethephon as practices that may reduce overwintering boll weevils.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- boll weevilAnthonomus grandise0pest
- Outcome
- earlier harvest, stalk destruction, and cotton plow downe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“demonstrating the potential for earlier harvest, stalk destruction, and cotton plow down, which are desirable cultural practices that help reduce overwintering boll weevil populations.”
t0“Cotton”
The same questions in other papers
(2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid · quality: grain · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.