Abstract
AbstractUpland rice is an important crop in South America, including Brazil. Nutrient interactions are important in determining crop yields. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate interaction among nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in upland rice production. The treatments applied to upland rice grown on an Oxisol were three levels of N (N0, N150 and N300 mg kg−1), three levels of P (P0, P100 and P200 mg kg−1) and three levels of K (K0, K100 and K200 mg kg−1). These treatments were tested in a 3 × 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. Grain yield, shoot dry weight, plant height, root dry weight, maximum root length, panicle number, 1000-grain weight, and grain harvest index were significantly influenced by N, P, and K treatments. The treatment that did not receive P fertilization did not produce panicle or grain. Hence, P was most yield-limiting nutrient compared to two other nutrients. At the N0P0K0 treatment, rice did not produce grains, indicating severe deficiency of these nutrients in Brazilian Oxisols. Maximum grain yield was obtained with the N300P200K200 treatment. Grain yield had significant positive association with plant height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, maximum root length, 1000-grain weight, panicle number, and grain harvest index. Among these growth and yield components, shoot dry weight had the highest positive association with grain yield and root length minimum positive association with grain yield. Hence, adopting adequate soil and crop management practices can improve growth and yield components and increase grain yield of upland rice.Keywords: Oryza sativaOxisolyield and yield componentsroot lengthgrain harvest index
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
N, P and K treatments significantly influenced grain yield, shoot dry weight and plant height.
- Taxon
- upland rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- N, P, and K treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Grain yield, shoot dry weight, plant heighte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield, shoot dry weight, plant height, root dry weight, maximum root length, panicle number, 1000-grain weight, and grain harvest index were significantly influenced by N, P, and K treatments”
e1“upland rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
N, P and K treatments significantly influenced root dry weight, maximum root length and panicle number.
- Taxon
- upland riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- N, P, and K treatmentse0
- Outcome
- root dry weight, maximum root length, panicle numbere0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield, shoot dry weight, plant height, root dry weight, maximum root length, panicle number, 1000-grain weight, and grain harvest index were significantly influenced by N, P, and K treatments”
e1“upland rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
N, P and K treatments significantly influenced 1000-grain weight and grain harvest index.
- Taxon
- upland riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- N, P, and K treatmentse0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weight, and grain harvest indexe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield, shoot dry weight, plant height, root dry weight, maximum root length, panicle number, 1000-grain weight, and grain harvest index were significantly influenced by N, P, and K treatments”
e1“upland rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
Without P fertilization, rice produced no panicles or grain.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- did not receive P fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- panicle or graine0
- Direction
- did not producee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatment that did not receive P fertilization did not produce panicle or grain”
e1“upland rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
P was the most yield-limiting of the three nutrients.
- Taxon
- upland riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- most yield-limiting nutriente0
- Direction
- most yield-limitinge0
- Comparator
- two other nutrientse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P was most yield-limiting nutrient compared to two other nutrients”
e1“upland rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice produced no grain under N0P0K0.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- N0P0K0 treatmente0
- Outcome
- grainse0
- Direction
- did not producee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the N0P0K0 treatment, rice did not produce grains”
Claim · model-written summary
The N300P200K200 treatment gave maximum grain yield.
- Taxon
- upland riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- N300P200K200 treatmente0
- Outcome
- Maximum grain yielde0
- Direction
- Maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum grain yield was obtained with the N300P200K200 treatment”
e1“upland rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield had positive associations with plant height, shoot dry weight and root dry weight.
- Taxon
- upland riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- positive associatione0
- Qualifier
- plant height, shoot dry weight, root dry weighte0
- Setting
- upland rice productione1
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield had significant positive association with plant height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, maximum root length, 1000-grain weight, panicle number, and grain harvest index”
e1“upland rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield had positive associations with maximum root length, 1000-grain weight and panicle number.
- Taxon
- upland riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- positive associatione0
- Qualifier
- maximum root length, 1000-grain weight, panicle numbere0
- Setting
- upland rice productione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield had significant positive association with plant height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, maximum root length, 1000-grain weight, panicle number, and grain harvest index”
e1“upland rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield had a significant positive association with grain harvest index.
- Taxon
- upland riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- positive associatione0
- Qualifier
- grain harvest indexe0
- Setting
- upland rice productione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield had significant positive association with plant height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, maximum root length, 1000-grain weight, panicle number, and grain harvest index”
e1“upland rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot dry weight had the highest positive association with grain yield among components.
- Taxon
- upland riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highest positive associatione0
- Qualifier
- shoot dry weighte0
- Setting
- upland rice productione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shoot dry weight had the highest positive association with grain yield”
e1“upland rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
Root length had the minimum positive association with grain yield among components.
- Taxon
- upland riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- minimum positive associatione0
- Qualifier
- root lengthe0
- Setting
- upland rice productione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root length minimum positive association with grain yield”
e1“upland rice production”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend adequate soil and crop management to improve rice growth, yield components and grain yield.
- Taxon
- upland riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- adequate soil and crop management practicese0
- Outcome
- growth and yield components and increase grain yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adopting adequate soil and crop management practices can improve growth and yield components and increase grain yield of upland rice”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
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