Abstract
Corn ( Zea mays L.) hybrid selection and plant density are important management considerations for successful forage production in dairy and livestock operations. The objectives of this study were (i) to determine the effect of plant density on high‐ and low‐quality corn hybrids and (ii) to describe the economic trade‐off between plant density and forage yield and quality. Two adapted hybrids selected for high and low quality characteristics were grown in the field at five plant densities ranging from 44 500 to 104 500 plants ha −1 at six locations in Wisconsin during 1994, 1995, and 1996. Forage quality response among hybrids was similar across the range of plant densities evaluated. As plant density increased, dry matter yield increased 1.7 to 4.1 Mg ha −1 , depending on location. Maximum dry matter yields were observed at 97 300 to 102 200 harvested plants ha −1 . In vitro true digestibility decreased 16 to 23 g kg −1 as plant density increased. Crude protein decreased 6 to 8 g kg −1 as plant density increased. Neutral‐detergent fiber increased 20 to 35 g kg −1 , and acid‐detergent fiber increased 19 to 29 g kg −1 with increasing plant density. A trade‐off exists between yield and quality for corn forage. Milk Mg −1 decreased 98 to 143 kg milk Mg −1 with increasing plant densities, but milk ha −1 increased 926 to 2176 kg milk ha −1 until about 75 000 to 85 000 harvested plants ha −1 , and did not change with higher plant densities.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrid forage quality responded similarly across planting densities.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse1 - Outcome
- Forage quality response among hybrids was similare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage quality response among hybrids was similar across the range of plant densities evaluated.”
e1“Corn ( Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing density raised dry matter yield by 1.7 to 4.1 Mg per hectare.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- plant density increasede0
- Outcome
- dry matter yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 1.7 to 4.1 Mg ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- depending on locatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As plant density increased, dry matter yield increased 1.7 to 4.1 Mg ha −1 , depending on location.”
e1“Corn ( Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum dry matter yield occurred at 97 300 to 102 200 plants per hectare.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Outcome
- dry matter yieldse0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 97 300 to 102 200 harvested plants ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum dry matter yields were observed at 97 300 to 102 200 harvested plants ha −1 .”
e1“Corn ( Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
In vitro digestibility fell by 16 to 23 g per kg as density increased.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- plant density increasede0
- Outcome
- In vitro true digestibilitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 16 to 23 g kg −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In vitro true digestibility decreased 16 to 23 g kg −1 as plant density increased.”
e1“Corn ( Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Crude protein fell by 6 to 8 g per kg as density increased.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- plant density increasede0
- Outcome
- Crude proteine0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 6 to 8 g kg −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crude protein decreased 6 to 8 g kg −1 as plant density increased.”
e1“Corn ( Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Neutral detergent fiber rose by 20 to 35 g per kg as density increased.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- increasing plant densitye0
- Outcome
- Neutral‐detergent fibere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 20 to 35 g kg −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Neutral‐detergent fiber increased 20 to 35 g kg −1 , and acid‐detergent fiber increased 19 to 29 g kg −1 with increasing plant density.”
e1“Corn ( Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Acid detergent fiber rose by 19 to 29 g per kg as density increased.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- increasing plant densitye0
- Outcome
- acid‐detergent fibere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 19 to 29 g kg −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Neutral‐detergent fiber increased 20 to 35 g kg −1 , and acid‐detergent fiber increased 19 to 29 g kg −1 with increasing plant density.”
e1“Corn ( Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Milk per Mg of forage fell by 98 to 143 kg as density increased.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- increasing plant densitiese0
- Outcome
- Milk Mg −1e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 98 to 143 kg milk Mg −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Milk Mg −1 decreased 98 to 143 kg milk Mg −1 with increasing plant densities”
e1“Corn ( Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Milk yield per hectare rose by 926 to 2176 kg up to 75 000 to 85 000 plants per hectare.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- 75 000 to 85 000 harvested plants ha −1e0
- Outcome
- milk ha −1e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 926 to 2176 kg milk ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“milk ha −1 increased 926 to 2176 kg milk ha −1 until about 75 000 to 85 000 harvested plants ha −1”
e1“Corn ( Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Milk yield per hectare did not change at higher densities.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Treatment
- higher plant densitiese0
- Outcome
- milk ha −1e1
- Direction
- did not changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“did not change with higher plant densities”
e1“milk ha −1 increased 926 to 2176 kg milk ha −1”
e2“Corn ( Zea mays L.)”
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See all 658 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.