Abstract
A comprehensive study of the nodal and leaf anatomy of Bonnetiaceae was completed in order to provide evidence for evaluation in relation to systematics. Nodal anatomy is trilacunar, three‐trace or unilacunar, one‐trace. Basic leaf anatomical features of the family include: complete or incomplete medullated vascular cylinder in petiole; paracytic mature stomata with encircling ridges; large mucilaginous cells in the adaxial surface of mesophyll; periclinal divisions in upper surface layers; and discrete patches of phloem within the vascular bundles. Especially noteworthy is the presence in some genera of foliar vascular bundles enveloped by a sheath composed of two concentric regions, i.e., an inner region consisting of multiple layers of fibers and an outer specialized endodermis composed of thin‐walled cells with Casparian strips. Leaves are variable with respect to lamina and cuticle thickness, relative amount and number of palisade and spongy layers, venation of lamina, and the presence or absence of sclereids and crystals in the mesophyll. A major feature in the evolution of Bonnetiaceae is development of a highly divergent, essentially parallel, leaf venation that is superficially similar to that of some monocotyledons and apparently unique among dicotyledons. Foliar anatomy provides important characters for the recognition of subgroups within Bonnetiaceae and is consistent with the segregation of Bonnetiaceae from Theaceae.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Bonnetiaceae nodes have trilacunar, three-trace or unilacunar, one-trace anatomy.
- Taxon
- BonnetiaceaeBonnetiaceaet0
- Outcome
- Nodal anatomye0
Verbatim
e0“Nodal anatomy is trilacunar, three‐trace or unilacunar, one‐trace.”
t0“Bonnetiaceae”
Claim · model-written summary
Bonnetiaceae leaves have the reported petiole, stomatal and mesophyll features.
- Taxon
- BonnetiaceaeBonnetiaceaet0
- Outcome
- Basic leaf anatomical featurese0
Verbatim
e0“Basic leaf anatomical features of the family include: complete or incomplete medullated vascular cylinder in petiole; paracytic mature stomata with encircling ridges; large mucilaginous cells in the adaxial surface of mesophyll; periclinal divisions in upper surface layers; and discrete patches of phloem within the vascular bundles.”
t0“Bonnetiaceae”
Claim · model-written summary
Some genera have foliar vascular bundles with a two-region sheath including an endodermis with Casparian strips.
- Taxon
- BonnetiaceaeBonnetiaceaet0
- Outcome
- foliar vascular bundles enveloped by a sheathe0
Verbatim
e0“presence in some genera of foliar vascular bundles enveloped by a sheath composed of two concentric regions, i.e., an inner region consisting of multiple layers of fibers and an outer specialized endodermis composed of thin‐walled cells with Casparian strips”
t0“Bonnetiaceae”
Claim · model-written summary
Bonnetiaceae leaves vary in lamina, cuticle, palisade, spongy layer and mesophyll characters.
- Taxon
- BonnetiaceaeBonnetiaceaet0
- Outcome
- lamina and cuticle thicknesse0
Verbatim
e0“Leaves are variable with respect to lamina and cuticle thickness, relative amount and number of palisade and spongy layers, venation of lamina, and the presence or absence of sclereids and crystals in the mesophyll.”
t0“Bonnetiaceae”
Claim · model-written summary
A divergent, essentially parallel leaf venation is a major evolutionary feature of Bonnetiaceae.
- Taxon
- BonnetiaceaeBonnetiaceaee0
- Outcome
- highly divergent, essentially parallel, leaf venatione0
Verbatim
e0“A major feature in the evolution of Bonnetiaceae is development of a highly divergent, essentially parallel, leaf venation that is superficially similar to that of some monocotyledons and apparently unique among dicotyledons.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar anatomy supports subgroups within Bonnetiaceae and its segregation from Theaceae.
- Taxon
- BonnetiaceaeBonnetiaceaee0
- Outcome
- Foliar anatomye0
Verbatim
e0“Foliar anatomy provides important characters for the recognition of subgroups within Bonnetiaceae and is consistent with the segregation of Bonnetiaceae from Theaceae.”