Abstract
Abstract The acceptance of no‐till systems for soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production following winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) on fine‐textured soils in Ontario has been hampered by soybean yield reductions due to unfavorable seedbed conditions. This research was conducted to identify alternative tillage and residue management systems that will enhance emergence, growth, and yield of soybean following winter wheat. Seven tillage and residue management systems, comprising fall moldboard plow, fall chisel plow, fall disk only, fall zone‐till, no‐till, no‐till (with wheat straw baled), and no‐till (with wheat straw and stubble removed), were evaluated following winter wheat on fine‐textured soils from 1994 to 1996 at six different sites near Centralia and Wyoming in southwestern Ontario. Spring soil moisture was lower in the fall tillage treatments than in no‐till with wheat residue, but moisture differences did not vary among fall tillage treatments. No‐till seedbeds had the highest soil moisture contents, the lowest proportion of fine soil aggregates (<5 mm in diameter), and the greatest penetrometer resistance. No‐till soybean growth was delayed and yields were reduced as the level of wheat residue left after planting increased. Soybean seed yield was negatively correlated with surface residue cover, but positively correlated with soil aggregates <5 mm in diameter at all sites. Fall zone‐till and fall disk systems generally improved in‐row seedbed conditions (higher fine soil aggregates and lower soil resistance), and increased seed yields by 5 to 29% relative to no‐till treatments. Fall zone‐till and fall tandem disk systems were the best conservation tillage alternatives to fall moldboard plowing.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Spring soil moisture was lower in fall tillage treatments than in no-till with wheat residue
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- fall tillage treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Spring soil moisturee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- no‐till with wheat residuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum Tillage Systems for Soybean”
e0“Spring soil moisture was lower in the fall tillage treatments than in no‐till with wheat residue”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till seedbeds had the highest soil moisture contents
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- No‐tille1
- Outcome
- soil moisture contentse1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum Tillage Systems for Soybean”
e1“No‐till seedbeds had the highest soil moisture contents, the lowest proportion of fine soil aggregates (<5 mm in diameter), and the greatest penetrometer resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till seedbeds had the lowest proportion of fine soil aggregates
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- No‐tille1
- Outcome
- proportion of fine soil aggregatese1
- Direction
- loweste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum Tillage Systems for Soybean”
e1“No‐till seedbeds had the highest soil moisture contents, the lowest proportion of fine soil aggregates (<5 mm in diameter), and the greatest penetrometer resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till seedbeds had the greatest penetrometer resistance
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- No‐tille1
- Outcome
- penetrometer resistancee1
- Direction
- greateste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum Tillage Systems for Soybean”
e1“No‐till seedbeds had the highest soil moisture contents, the lowest proportion of fine soil aggregates (<5 mm in diameter), and the greatest penetrometer resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yields were reduced as the level of wheat residue left after planting increased
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- level of wheat residue left after plantinge2
- Outcome
- yieldse2
- Direction
- reducede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum Tillage Systems for Soybean”
e2“No‐till soybean growth was delayed and yields were reduced as the level of wheat residue left after planting increased”
Claim · model-written summary
No-till delayed soybean growth
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- No‐tille2
- Outcome
- soybean growthe2
- Direction
- delayede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum Tillage Systems for Soybean”
e2“No‐till soybean growth was delayed and yields were reduced as the level of wheat residue left after planting increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean seed yield was negatively correlated with surface residue cover
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- surface residue covere3
- Outcome
- seed yielde3
- Direction
- negatively correlatede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum Tillage Systems for Soybean”
e3“Soybean seed yield was negatively correlated with surface residue cover, but positively correlated with soil aggregates <5 mm in diameter at all sites”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean seed yield was positively correlated with soil aggregates smaller than 5 mm
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- soil aggregates <5 mm in diametere3
- Outcome
- seed yielde3
- Direction
- positively correlatede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum Tillage Systems for Soybean”
e3“Soybean seed yield was negatively correlated with surface residue cover, but positively correlated with soil aggregates <5 mm in diameter at all sites”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall zone-till and fall disk systems increased soybean seed yields by 5 to 29% relative to no-till
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Fall zone‐till and fall disk systemse4
- Outcome
- seed yieldse4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 5 to 29%e4
- Comparator
- no‐till treatmentse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum Tillage Systems for Soybean”
e4“Fall zone‐till and fall disk systems generally improved in‐row seedbed conditions (higher fine soil aggregates and lower soil resistance), and increased seed yields by 5 to 29% relative to no‐till treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall zone-till and fall tandem disk systems were the best conservation tillage alternatives to fall moldboard plowing
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- conservation tillage alternativese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum Tillage Systems for Soybean”
e5“Fall zone‐till and fall tandem disk systems were the best conservation tillage alternatives to fall moldboard plowing”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 52 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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