Abstract
Abstract Hail loss assessment in small grains is based on percent kernel loss because of shatter or spike loss. This procedure does not consider losses that may occur in kernel size and weight as a result of spike bruising without accompanying shatter or spike loss. This study was conducted to determine if bruising of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) spikes by small, low energy hailstones might cause a yield loss above that resulting from kernel shatter or spike loss. A hail simulation device was constructed that approximately duplicated the momentum of hail particles in the size range of 10 to 12 mm in diameter. Spikes of two‐ and six‐rowed barley were impacted over a period beginning when kernels were starting to form and ending when they were fully swollen. Bruising caused a significant decrease in kernel weight in both spike types. In six‐rowed cultivars, the loss was associated with a decrease in the number of plump kernels; in two‐rowed cultivars, the loss resulted from a decrease in both the weight and number of plump kernels. Thus, hail loss assessment that considers only kernel shatter or spike loss may underestimate actual loss, especially from small hail occuring during the early stages of kernel development.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Bruising caused a significant decrease in kernel weight in both spike types.
- Taxon
- Barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- Bruisinge1
- Outcome
- kernel weighte1
- Direction
- decreasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Damage to Barley Spikes”
e1“Bruising caused a significant decrease in kernel weight in both spike types”
Claim · model-written summary
In six-rowed cultivars, bruising was associated with a decrease in the number of plump kernels.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- six‐rowed cultivarse2
- Outcome
- number of plump kernelse2
- Direction
- decreasee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Damage to Barley Spikes”
e2“In six‐rowed cultivars, the loss was associated with a decrease in the number of plump kernels”
Claim · model-written summary
In two-rowed cultivars, bruising was associated with a decrease in both the weight and number of plump kernels.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- two‐rowed cultivarse3
- Outcome
- both the weight and number of plump kernelse3
- Direction
- decreasee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Damage to Barley Spikes”
e3“in two‐rowed cultivars, the loss resulted from a decrease in both the weight and number of plump kernels”
Claim · model-written summary
Hail loss assessment that considers only kernel shatter or spike loss may underestimate actual loss.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- hail loss assessment that considers only kernel shatter or spike losse4
- Qualifier
- may underestimate actual losse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Damage to Barley Spikes”
e4“Thus, hail loss assessment that considers only kernel shatter or spike loss may underestimate actual loss, especially from small hail occuring during the early stages of kernel development”