Abstract
Thirty-nine genotypes of Hordeum spontaneum were selected from three geographically separated areas (southwestern, northern, and southeastern) of the Fertile Crescent. The lines were subject to AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) analysis from which a similarity matrix was produced. A dendrogram of the data showed, with two exceptions, that the genotypes grouped together according to area of origin. This was confirmed by principal coordinate analysis in which the first principal coordinate separated the genotypes of the southwestern area from the other two areas, which in turn could be separated by the second principal coordinate. While genotypes from the same site of origin can exhibit very similar AFLP profiles, sharp genetic differences were detected between genotypes separated by relatively short distances. Thirty of the 39 genotypes were subjected to hydroculture salt tolerance tests. These were analysed for shoot Na+ content and carbon isotope composition (δ13C) after 4 weeks of treatment (100 mol∙m−3 NaCl). Shoot Na+ content and δ13C were highly correlated. Twelve AFLP markers were found to be associated with both shoot Na+ content and shoot δ13C and were also associated with site of origin ecogeographic data, particularly longitude. The most salt tolerant genotype came from Ilam in the southeastern area and the most salt sensitive genotype originated in the southwestern area. The 12 markers were partitioned into groups that showed significant associations within groups but no significant association between groups. In a multiple regression analysis, three AFLP markers, from separate groups, accounted for more than 60% of the variation for shoot Na+ content and δ13C. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of AFLP fingerprinting in genetic studies of complex traits at the wild species and (or) population level.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
AFLP genotypes generally grouped by area of origin, with two exceptions.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“A dendrogram of the data showed, with two exceptions, that the genotypes grouped together according to area of origin.”
Claim · model-written summary
Principal coordinate analysis separated southwestern genotypes from northern and southeastern genotypes, and separated the latter two groups.
- Outcome
- first principal coordinate separated the genotypes of the southwestern area from the other two arease0
- Setting
- southwestern areae0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the first principal coordinate separated the genotypes of the southwestern area from the other two areas, which in turn could be separated by the second principal coordinate.”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotypes from the same site could have similar AFLP profiles.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“genotypes from the same site of origin can exhibit very similar AFLP profiles”
Claim · model-written summary
Sharp genetic differences occurred over relatively short distances.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“sharp genetic differences were detected between genotypes separated by relatively short distances.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot sodium content and carbon isotope composition were highly correlated after salt treatment.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“Shoot Na+ content and δ13C were highly correlated.”
Claim · model-written summary
Twelve AFLP markers were associated with shoot sodium content and carbon isotope composition.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“Twelve AFLP markers were found to be associated with both shoot Na+ content and shoot δ13C and were also associated with site of origin ecogeographic data, particularly longitude.”
Claim · model-written summary
Twelve AFLP markers were associated with origin geography, especially longitude.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“Twelve AFLP markers were found to be associated with both shoot Na+ content and shoot δ13C and were also associated with site of origin ecogeographic data, particularly longitude.”
Claim · model-written summary
The most salt tolerant genotype was from Ilam.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The most salt tolerant genotype came from Ilam in the southeastern area and the most salt sensitive genotype originated in the southwestern area.”
Claim · model-written summary
The most salt sensitive genotype came from the southwestern area.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The most salt tolerant genotype came from Ilam in the southeastern area and the most salt sensitive genotype originated in the southwestern area.”
Claim · model-written summary
The twelve markers formed groups with significant within group associations.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The 12 markers were partitioned into groups that showed significant associations within groups but no significant association between groups.”
Claim · model-written summary
Marker groups had no significant associations between groups.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The 12 markers were partitioned into groups that showed significant associations within groups but no significant association between groups.”
Claim · model-written summary
Three markers explained more than 60% of variation in shoot sodium content and carbon isotope composition.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“three AFLP markers, from separate groups, accounted for more than 60% of the variation for shoot Na+ content and δ13C.”
Claim · model-written summary
AFLP fingerprinting was effective for genetic study of complex wild species traits.
- Outcome
- effectiveness of AFLP fingerprintinge0
Not reportedTaxonComparatorValue
Verbatim
e0“The results demonstrate the effectiveness of AFLP fingerprinting in genetic studies of complex traits at the wild species and (or) population level.”