Abstract
The coordination between floret initiation and tissue expansion has been studied and quantified in the apical meristem of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) plants grown under different light availability. A method was developed to quantify tissue expansion in the meristem during floret initiation from measurements of meristem area, number of florets and primordium size. Initially, floret initiation and tissue expansion occurred simultaneously at the meristem surface. The duration of this phase remained unchanged across environments, whereas the rate of tissue expansion varied greatly. Floret initiation rate depended on meristem initial size and tissue-expansion rate. Thereafter, floret initiation continued without tissue expansion in the meristem, resulting in a rapid decrease of meristem area. A set of equations was proposed to predict floret initiation rate and floret number as a function of the rates of tissue expansion in the meristem before and during floret initiation. This formalism demonstrated the role of tissue expansion in determining the final number of florets, and provided a framework to analyse the response of floret initiation to genotype and environment.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
A method was developed to quantify tissue expansion in the sunflower meristem during floret initiation from meristem area, floret number and primordium size.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Outcome
- quantify tissue expansion in the meristeme0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower”
e0“A method was developed to quantify tissue expansion in the meristem during floret initiation from measurements of meristem area, number of florets and primordium size”
Claim · model-written summary
Initially floret initiation and tissue expansion occurred simultaneously at the meristem surface.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- floret initiation and tissue expansion occurred simultaneouslye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower”
e0“Initially, floret initiation and tissue expansion occurred simultaneously at the meristem surface”
Claim · model-written summary
The duration of the initial simultaneous phase remained unchanged across light environments.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- different light availabilitye0
- Outcome
- duration of this phasee1
- Direction
- unchangede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower”
e0“plants grown under different light availability”
e1“The duration of this phase remained unchanged across environments”
Claim · model-written summary
The rate of tissue expansion varied greatly across environments.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- rate of tissue expansione0
- Direction
- varied greatlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower”
e0“the rate of tissue expansion varied greatly”
Claim · model-written summary
Floret initiation rate depended on meristem initial size and tissue-expansion rate.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- meristeme0
- Outcome
- Floret initiation ratee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower”
e0“Floret initiation rate depended on meristem initial size and tissue-expansion rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Afterwards floret initiation continued without tissue expansion, causing a rapid decrease of meristem area.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- meristem areae0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower”
e0“Thereafter, floret initiation continued without tissue expansion in the meristem, resulting in a rapid decrease of meristem area”
Claim · model-written summary
A set of equations was proposed to predict floret initiation rate and floret number from tissue expansion rates in the meristem.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- predict floret initiation rate and floret numbere0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower”
e0“A set of equations was proposed to predict floret initiation rate and floret number as a function of the rates of tissue expansion in the meristem before and during floret initiation”
Claim · model-written summary
The formalism demonstrated a role for tissue expansion in determining the final number of florets.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- final number of floretse0
- Qualifier
- role of tissue expansione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower”
e0“This formalism demonstrated the role of tissue expansion in determining the final number of florets”